turanВестник университета «Туран»Bulletin of "Turan" University1562-29592959-1236Университет «Туран»10.46914/1562-2959-2023-1-3-399-414turan-3569Research ArticleОБРАЗОВАНИЕ И ОБУЧЕНИЕ: МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ, ТЕОРИЯ, ТЕХНОЛОГИЯEDUCATION AND TRAINING: METHODOLOGY, THEORY, TECHNOLOGYВлияние гендерных стереотипов на карьерные устремления и выбор студентов STEM в КазахстанеInfluence of gender stereotypes on professional trajectories of STEM students in Kazakhstanhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5851-9505ЕримпашеваА. Т.YerimpashaevaA. T.

Кандидат экономических наук, старший преподаватель.

Алматы

c.e.s., senior lecturer.

Almaty

aidayerimpasheva@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0471-2040ЛиповкаА. В.LipovkaA. V.

PhD, ассоциированный профессор.

Алматы

PhD, associate professor.

Almaty

lipivkaav@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9401-1573ТаракбаеваР. Е.TarakbaevaR. Ye.

Кандидат технических наук, ассоциированный профессор.

Алматы

c.t.s., associate professor.

Almaty

raushan_29@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8275-2641ЗакироваА. А.ZakirovaA. A.

м.э.н., старший преподаватель.

Алматы

senior lecturer.

Almaty

zakasem@gmail.comКазахский национальный университет им. аль-ФарабиКазахстанAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityKazakhstanАлматы Менеджмент УниверситетКазахстанAlmaty Management UniversityKazakhstanУниверситет «Туран»КазахстанTuran UniversityKazakhstanКазахская национальная консерватория им. КурмангазыКазахстанKurmangazy Kazakh National ConservatoryKazakhstan20230510202303399414Copyright © Еримпашева А.Т., Липовка А.В., Таракбаева Р.Е., Закирова А.А., 20232023Еримпашева А.Т., Липовка А.В., Таракбаева Р.Е., Закирова А.А.Yerimpashaeva A.T., Lipovka A.V., Tarakbaeva R.Y., Zakirova A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/3569

Направление STEM, объединяющее науку, технологию, инженерию и математику, считается областью, где в основном доминируют мужчины, а женщины не имеют достаточных шансов конкурировать с мужчинами, и при этом они сталкиваются с гендерными стереотипами на пути продвижения по карьерной лестнице. Несмотря на меняющуюся ситуацию в STEM, женщины по-прежнему слабо представлены в этих областях и неуверенно продвигаются в своей профессии. Это связано с доминированием гендерных стереотипов, которые значительно ограничивают как карьерные устремления, так и потенциальные возможности женщин. Более того, гендерные стереотипы постоянно подпитываются в результате процессов ретрадиционализации, которые усилились после обретения независимости в странах Центральной Азии. Цель статьи – выявить, каким образом гендерные стереотипы, имеющие место в Казахстане, влияют на карьерные устремления девушек в отраслях, которые считаются «мужскими», и их выбор образовательных программ, которые относятся к STEM. Несмотря на наличие множества научных трудов по изучению влияния гендерных стереотипов на женщин в STEM по всему миру, часто они ограничиваются лишь качественным и/или нерепрезентативным количественным дизайном исследований. Особое внимание уделено изучению социального и культурного контекста Казахстана, который отличен от других стран Центральной Азии. Проведение количественного опроса обеспечило более глубокое понимание гендерных стереотипов мужчин и женщин в STEM Казахстана. Выводы по результатам анализа опроса респондентов (N=1425) могут представлять интерес для исследователей, преподавателей, работодателей, политиков и представителей НПО, а также для всех, кто заинтересован в продвижении гендерного равенства.

STEM, which combines science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, is a predominantly male-dominated field where women do not have good chances to compete with men. At the same time, they face gender stereotypes on the way to career advancement. Despite the changing landscape in STEM, women are still underrepresented in these fields and are making insecure advances in their profession. It is due to the dominance of gender stereotypes, which significantly limit women’s career aspirations and potential opportunities. Moreover, gender stereotypes are constantly fueled by the processes of re-traditionalization that have intensified since independence in the countries of Central Asia. The purpose of the article is to identify how gender stereotypes that take place in Kazakhstan affect the career aspirations of girls in industries that are considered “male” and their choice of educational programs that are related to STEM. Although there are many scientific papers examining the impact of gender stereotypes on women in STEM around the world, they are often limited to qualitative and/or non-representative quantitative research designs. Particular attention is paid to the study of the social and cultural context of Kazakhstan, which is different from other Central Asian countries. Conducting a quantitative survey provided a deeper understanding of gender stereotypes of men and women in STEM Kazakhstan. The conclusions from the analysis of the respondents’ survey results (N=1425) may interest researchers, teachers, employers, politicians and NGO representatives, and anyone interested in promoting gender equality.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.