<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">turan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник университета «Туран»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of "Turan" University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1562-2959</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2959-1236</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет «Туран»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46914/1562-2959-2023-1-4-83-95</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">turan-3679</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИКА: ИСТОРИЯ, ТЕОРИЯ, ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMY: HISTORY, THEORY, PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Теоретические основы управления и функционирования системы здравоохранения в Республике Казахстан</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Theoretical foundations of management and functioning of the healthcare system in the Republic of Kazakhtan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1478-6505</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жарлыгасинов</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zharlygassinov</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Т.М. Жарлыгасинов - постдокторант</p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>T.M. Zharlygassinov - postdoctoral student</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kaztalgin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0209-9804</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Купешова</surname><given-names>С. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kupeshova</surname><given-names>S. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>С.Т. Купешова - к.э.н., ассоциированный профессор</p><p>г. Алматы</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>S.T. Kupeshova - c.e.s, associate professor</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.kupeshova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0085-0884</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нурымова</surname><given-names>С. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nurymova</surname><given-names>S. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>С.К. Нурымова - докторант </p><p>г. Алматы</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>S. K. Nurymova - PhD student</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Казахский национальный университета им. аль-Фараби<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Al-Farabi Kazakh National University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт экономики Комитета науки МНВО РК<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Economics of the Science Committee of the MSHE RK<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>95</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жарлыгасинов Т.М., Купешова С.Т., Нурымова С.К., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жарлыгасинов Т.М., Купешова С.Т., Нурымова С.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zharlygassinov T.M., Kupeshova S.T., Nurymova S.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/3679">https://vestnik.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/3679</self-uri><abstract><p>Тема исследования, связанная с системой здравоохранения, очень актуальная, так как она является одной из ключевых сфер социальной политики, и эффективное управление этой системой имеет важное значение для обеспечения качественной и доступной медицинской помощью населения. В настоящее время Республика Казахстан сталкивается с рядом вызовов и изменений, которые требуют обновления и развития теоретических основ управления в системе здравоохранения. Цель данной работы заключается в анализе и оценке текущего состояния и проблем в системе здравоохранения Казахстана с целью разработки и предложения теоретических основ управления, которые будут способствовать более эффективной ее организации. Среди использованных методов был применен аналитический метод, статистический метод, функциональный метод, метод системного анализа, метод дедукции, метод синтеза и метод сравнения. В ходе исследования была определена организационная структура системы здравоохранения в Казахстане, включая роли и функции основных институтов, учреждений и структур, ответственных за управление и предоставление медицинской помощи. Исследованы качество и доступность медицинской помощи в Казахстане. Были изучены различные теоретические концепции, модели и подходы к управлению здравоохранением с целью разработки новых теоретически обоснованных моделей управления, которые учитывают уникальные особенности системы здравоохранения в Республике Казахстан. Данное исследование показывает, что финансирование системы здравоохранения является важным аспектом для обеспечения доступной медициной всех граждан Республики Казахстан. В ходе проведения исследования в рамках данной статьи были подготовлены научно-практические рекомендации для государственных органов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The research topic related to the healthcare system is relevant, as it is one of the key areas of social policy and the effective management of this system is important to ensure high-quality and affordable medical care to the population. Currently, Kazakhstan is facing a few challenges and changes that require updating and developing the theoretical foundations of management in the healthcare system. The purpose of this work to analyze and assess the current state and problems in the healthcare of Kazakhstan to develop and propose theoretical foundations of management that contribute to its more effective organization. Among the used methods were the analytical, statistical, functional, system analysis, deduction, synthesis and comparison method. The study determined the organizational of the healthcare in Kazakhstan, including the roles and functions of the main institutions and responsible for the management and provision of medical care. The quality and availability of medical care in Kazakhstan is investigated. Various theoretical concepts, models and approaches to healthcare management were studied in order to develop new theoretically sound management models that take into account the unique features of the healthcare system in the Republic of Kazakhstan. This study shows that the financing of the healthcare system is an important aspect for providing affordable medicine to all citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the course of the research within the framework of this article, scientific and practical recommendations were prepared for government agencies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>система здравоохранения</kwd><kwd>социальная политика</kwd><kwd>медицинская помощь</kwd><kwd>управление</kwd><kwd>нормативная база</kwd><kwd>государственные программы</kwd><kwd>финансирование системы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>healthcare system</kwd><kwd>social policy</kwd><kwd>medical care</kwd><kwd>management</kwd><kwd>regulatory framework</kwd><kwd>state programs</kwd><kwd>system financing</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Статья подготовлена в рамках гранта Комитета науки Министерства науки и высшего образования Республики Казахстан по проекту ИРН AP19175800 «Анализ эффективности реформирования системы государственного управления Республики Казахстан в сфере здравоохранения»</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аймагамбетов Е.Б., Тынгишева А.М. Современное состояние системы здравоохранения Карагандинской области // Вестник Карагандинского университета. Серия «Экономика». – Караганда, 2019. – № 2. – С. 11–17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ajmagambetov E.B., Tyngisheva A.M. (2019) Sovremennoe sostojanie sistemy zdravoohranenija Karagandinskoj oblasti // Vestnik Karagandinskogo universiteta. Serija «Jekonomika». Karaganda. No. 2. P. 11–17. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жетписбаева М., Бейсембекова А. Управление системой здравоохранения в Республике Казахстан // Вестник КЭУ: экономика, философия, педагогика, юриспруденция. – 2019. – № 1(52). – С. 22–25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhetpisbaeva M., Beĭsembekova A. (2019) Upravlenie sistemoĭ zdravoohranenija v Respublike Kazahstan // Vestnik KJeU: jekonomika, filosofija, pedagogika, jurisprudencija. No. 1(52). P. 22–25. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тургамбаева А.К., Ибраев С.Е., Ескендиров О.С. Система здравоохранения Казахстана в период независимости: основные этапы и перспективы развития // Journal of Health Development. 2021. No. 4. P. 10–15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Turgambaeva A.K., Ibraev S.E., Eskendirov O.S. (2021) Sistema zdravoohranenija Kazahstana v period nezavisimosti: osnovnye jetapy i perspektivy razvitija // Journal of Health Development. No. 4. P. 10–15. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алимбаев А.А., Битенова Б.С., Есенбекова Т.И. Методика оценки социальной и экономической эффективности цифровизации системы здравоохранения // Экономика: стратегия и практика. – 2020. – № 3(15). – С. 25–37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alimbaev A.A., Bitenova B.S., Esenbekova T.I. (2020) Metodika ocenki social'noĭ i jekonomicheskoĭ jeffektivnosti cifrovizacii sistemy zdravoohranenija // Jekonomika: strategija i praktika. No. 3(15). P. 25–37. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Искаков А.К. Анализ и оценка государственно-частного партнерства в системе финансирования здравоохранения // Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific and Practical Conference «Challenges in Science of Nowadays». Washington, USA, 2020. P. 49–59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iskakov A.K. (2020) Analiz i ocenka gosudarstvenno-chastnogo partnerstva v sisteme finansirovanija zdravoohranenija // Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific and Practical Conference «Challenges in Science of Nowadays». Washington, USA. C. 49–59. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thomas S., Sagan A., Larkin J., Cylus J., Figueras J., Karanikolos M. Strengthening health systems resilience: key concepts and strategies // European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. 2020. URL: https://europepmc.org/article/med/32716618</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thomas S., Sagan A., Larkin J., Cylus J., Figueras J., Karanikolos M. (2020) Strengthening health systems resilience: key concepts and strategies // European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. URL: https://europepmc.org/article/med/32716618. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palagyi A., Marais B.J., Abimbola S., Topp S.M., McBryde E.S., Negin J. Health system preparedness for emerging infectious diseases: a synthesis of the literature // Global Public Health. 2019. No. 14(12). P. 1847– 1868. URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17441692.2019.1614645</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palagyi A., Marais B.J., Abimbola S., Topp S.M., McBryde E.S., Negin J. (2019) Health system preparedness for emerging infectious diseases: a synthesis of the literature // Global Public Health. No. 14(12). P. 1847–1868. URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17441692.2019.1614645. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khan G., Kagwanja N., Whyle E., Gilson L., Molyneux S., Schaay N., Olivier J. Health system responsiveness: a systematic evidence mapping review of the global literature // International Journal for Equity in Health. 2021. No. 20(1). P. 1–24. URL: https://equityhealthj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12939-021-01447-w</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khan G., Kagwanja N., Whyle E., Gilson L., Molyneux S., Schaay N., Olivier J. (2021) Health system responsiveness: a systematic evidence mapping review of the global literature // International Journal for Equity in Health. No. 20(1). P. 1–24. URL: https://equityhealthj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12939-021-01447-w. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mitchell M., Kan, L. Digital technology and the future of health systems // Health Systems &amp; Reform. 2019. No. 5(2). P. 113–120. URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23288604.2019.1583040</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mitchell M., Kan, L. (2019) Digital technology and the future of health systems // Health Systems &amp; Reform. No. 5(2). P. 113–120. URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23288604.2019.1583040. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alzoubi M.M., Hayati K.S., Rosliza A.M., Ahmad A.A., Al-Hamdan Z.M. Total quality management in the health-care context: integrating the literature and directing future research // Risk management and healthcare policy. 2019. P. 167–177. URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.2147/RMHP.S197038</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alzoubi M.M., Hayati K.S., Rosliza A.M., Ahmad A.A., Al-Hamdan Z.M. (2019) Total quality management in the health-care context: integrating the literature and directing future research // Risk management and healthcare policy. P. 167–177. URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.2147/RMHP.S197038. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Campos P.A., Reich M.R. Political analysis for health policy implementation // Health Systems &amp; Reform. 2019. No. 5(3). P. 224–235. URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23288604.2019.1625251</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Campos P.A., Reich M.R. (2019) Political analysis for health policy implementation // Health Systems &amp; Reform. No. 5(3). P. 224–235. URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23288604.2019.1625251. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yip W., Fu H., Chen A.T., Zhai T., Jian W., Xu R., Chen W. 10 years of health-care reform in China: progress and gaps in universal health coverage // The Lancet. 2019. P. 1192–1204. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0140673619321361</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yip W., Fu H., Chen A.T., Zhai T., Jian W., Xu R., Chen W. (2019) 10 years of health-care reform in China: progress and gaps in universal health coverage // The Lancet. P. 1192–1204. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0140673619321361. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fink O., Wang Q., Svensen M., Dersin P., Lee W. J., Ducoffe M. Potential, challenges and future directions for deep learning in prognostics and health management applications // Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence. 2020. P. 92. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0952197620301184</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fink O., Wang Q., Svensen M., Dersin P., Lee W. J., Ducoffe M. (2020) Potential, challenges and future directions for deep learning in prognostics and health management applications // Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence. P. 92. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0952197620301184\. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gulis G., Aringazina A., Sangilbayeva Z., Zhan K., de Leeuw E., Allegrante J.P. Population health status of the republic of Kazakhstan: trends and implications for public health policy // International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021. No. 18(22). P. 12235. URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/22/12235</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gulis G., Aringazina A., Sangilbayeva Z., Zhan K., de Leeuw E., Allegrante J.P. (2021) Population health status of the republic of Kazakhstan: trends and implications for public health policy // International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. No. 18(22). P. 12235. URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/22/12235. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Байжиенова К.Т. История развития европейских стандартов здравоохранения в Казахстане // Вестник ЗКУ. – 2022. – № 3(87). – С. 78–86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bajzhienova K.T. (2022) Istorija razvitija evropejskih standartov zdravoohranenija v Kazahstane // Vestnik ZKU. No. 3(87). P. 78–86. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Законы Республики Казахстан // URL: https://online.zakon.kz/contentpages/doclist.aspx?m=f&amp;type=475&amp;com=14&amp;sort=3&amp;title=2#doclist_pos=0&amp;sel_item=38550241</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakony Respubliki Kazahstan // URL: https://online.zakon.kz/contentpages/doclist.aspx?m=f&amp;type=475&amp;com=14&amp;sort=3&amp;title=2#doclist_pos=0&amp;sel_item=38550241. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Указ Президента Республики Казахстан от 13 сентября 2004 года № 1438 «О Государственной программе реформирования и развития здравоохранения Республики Казахстан на 2005–2010 годы». URL: https://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=1050424</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ukaz Prezidenta Respubliki Kazahstan ot 13 sentjabrja 2004 goda No. 1438 «O Gosudarstvennoj programme reformirovanija i razvitija zdravoohranenija Respubliki Kazahstan na 2005–2010 gody». URL: https://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=1050424. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Указ Президента Республики Казахстан от 29 ноября 2010 года № 1113 «Об утверждении Государственной программы развития здравоохранения Республики Казахстан «Саламатты Қазақстан» на 2011–2015 годы». URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/U1000001113</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ukaz Prezidenta Respubliki Kazahstan ot 29 nojabrja 2010 goda No. 1113 «Ob utverzhdenii Gosudarstvennoj programmy razvitija zdravoohranenija Respubliki Kazahstan «Salamatty Қazaқstan» na 2011–2015 gody». URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/U1000001113. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Постановление Правительства Республики Казахстан от 15 октября 2018 года № 634 «Об утверждении Государственной программы развития здравоохранения Республики Казахстан «Денсаулық» на 2016 2019 годы» // URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1800000634</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Postanovlenie Pravitel'stva Respubliki Kazahstan ot 15 oktjabrja 2018 goda No. 634 «Ob utverzhdenii Gosudarstvennoj programmy razvitija zdravoohranenija Respubliki Kazahstan «Densaulyқ» na 2016 2019 gody» // URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1800000634. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Государственная программа развития здравоохранения Республики Казахстан на 2020–2025 годы. URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1900000982</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gosudarstvennaja programma razvitija zdravoohranenija Respubliki Kazahstan na 2020–2025 gody // https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1900000982. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhatkanbayeva A.E., Zhatkanbayev E.B., Tuyakbayeva N.S. The stages of the healthcare system reform of the Republic of Kazakhstan // Farabi Journal of Social Sciences. 2019. No. 2(1). P. 48–54. URL: https://jhumansoc-sc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-eurasian/article/view/303</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhatkanbayeva A.E., Zhatkanbayev E.B., Tuyakbayeva N.S. (2019) The stages of the healthcare system reform of the Republic of Kazakhstan // Farabi Journal of Social Sciences. No. 2(1). P. 48–54. URL: https://jhumansoc-sc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-eurasian/article/view/303. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бюро национальной статистики Агентства по стратегическому планированию и реформам Республики Казахстан. URL: https://bala.stat.gov.kz/category/ohrana-zdorovya-i-zdorovyj-obraz-zhizni/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bjuro nacional'noj statistiki Agentstva po strategicheskomu planirovaniju i reformam Respubliki Kazahstan. URL: https://bala.stat.gov.kz/category/ohrana-zdorovya-i-zdorovyj-obraz-zhizni/. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The World Bank. Current health expenditure (% of GDP). URL: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS?name_desc=false</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The World Bank. Current health expenditure (% of GDP). URL: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS?name_desc=false. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Байжиенова К.Т Оценка влияния развития системы здравоохранения на показатели демографии Республики Казахстан. URL: https://illhkomisc.ru/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/46-49_demo_2020_1.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bajzhienova K.T Ocenka vlijanija razvitija sistemy zdravoohranenija na pokazateli demografii Respubliki Kazahstan. URL: https://illhkomisc.ru/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/46-49_demo_2020_1.pdf. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">В Казахстане уровень смертности в 2022 году снизился почти на 27%. URL: https://kz.kursiv.media/2023-05-31/lsbs-smertnoststat/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">V Kazahstane uroven' smertnosti v 2022 godu snizilsja pochti na 27%. URL: https://kz.kursiv.media/2023-05-31/lsbs-smertnoststat/. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
