<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">turan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник университета «Туран»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of "Turan" University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1562-2959</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2959-1236</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет «Туран»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46914/1562-2959-2025-1-1-42-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">turan-4507</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИКА: ИСТОРИЯ, ТЕОРИЯ, ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMY: HISTORY, THEORY, PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение инновационных инструментов при оказании государственных услуг в контексте перехода к сервисной модели государственного управления в Республике Казахстан</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Application of innovative tools in providing public services in the context of transition to a service model of public administration in the Republic of Kazakhstan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1037-7085</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бокаев</surname><given-names>Б. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bokayev</surname><given-names>B. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD, профессор</p><p>г. Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, professor</p><p>Astana</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baurzhanbokayev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8232-5121</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садыкова</surname><given-names>К. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadykova</surname><given-names>K. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD, ассоциированный профессор</p><p>г. Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, associate professor</p><p>Astana</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k.sadykova@apa.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1318-9557</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ғалы</surname><given-names>Ә. Ғ.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galy</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докторант</p><p>г. Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD student</p><p>Astana</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abilzhan87@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Высшая аудиторская палата Республики Казахстан<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">High chamber of auditors of the Republic of Kazakhstan<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Академия государственного управления при Президенте Республики Казахстан<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бокаев Б.Н., Садыкова К.К., Ғалы Ә.Ғ., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бокаев Б.Н., Садыкова К.К., Ғалы Ә.Ғ.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bokayev B.N., Sadykova K.K., Galy A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/4507">https://vestnik.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/4507</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются ключевые аспекты реформирования системы государственных услуг в Республике Казахстан с акцентом на создание среды, ориентированной на обслуживание и клиента, для получателей услуг. В ней рассматривается текущее состояние системы государственных услуг с учетом достижений в автоматизации процессов, интеграции информационных технологий и перехода к проактивному управлению. Используя данные фокус-групп, проведенных среди государственных служащих, исследование оценивает эффективность текущих реформ, одновременно выявляя проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются граждане и государственные органы. Важной темой является преобразующая роль цифровых технологий в повышении качества, доступности и прозрачности государственных услуг. В статье подчеркивается, как инновационные инструменты оптимизируют предоставление услуг, сокращают бюрократические барьеры и повышают удовлетворенность граждан. Одновременно в ней признается, что цифровое неравенство является существенным препятствием, и призываются усилия по обеспечению равного доступа к технологиям для различных групп населения. Авторы выступают за укрепление доверия к государственным органам путем совершенствования нормативно-правовой базы и поощрения активного взаимодействия с гражданами. Они подчеркивают необходимость постоянной адаптации к новым технологиям и важность подходов, основанных на обратной связи, для устранения системной неэффективности. Исследование предоставляет действенные идеи по балансированию модернизации с инклюзивностью, предлагая дорожную карту для продвижения экосистемы государственных услуг Казахстана, одновременно укрепляя доверие граждан и способствуя общественному развитию.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article explores key aspects of reforming the public service system in the Republic of Kazakhstan, focusing on fostering a service- and customer-oriented environment for service recipients. It examines the current state of the public service system, emphasizing advancements in process automation, the integration of information technology, and the shift towards proactive management. By leveraging data from focus groups conducted among civil servants, the study evaluates the effectiveness of ongoing reforms while identifying challenges encountered by citizens and government institutions alike. A central theme is the transformative role of digital technologies in enhancing the quality, accessibility, and transparency of public services. The article underscores how innovative tools streamline service delivery, reduce bureaucratic barriers, and improve citizen satisfaction. Simultaneously, it recognizes the digital divide as a significant obstacle, urging efforts to ensure equitable access to technology across various population groups. The authors advocate for strengthening trust in government institutions by refining the regulatory framework and fostering active engagement with citizens. They highlight the necessity of continuous adaptation to emerging technologies and the importance of feedback-driven approaches to address systemic inefficiencies. The study provides actionable insights into balancing modernization with inclusivity, offering a roadmap for advancing Kazakhstan’s public service ecosystem while building citizen confidence and fostering societal progress.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>государственное управление</kwd><kwd>инновационные инструменты</kwd><kwd>государственные услуги</kwd><kwd>цифровизация</kwd><kwd>автоматизация</kwd><kwd>клиентоориентированность</kwd><kwd>проактивное управление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>public administration</kwd><kwd>innovative tools</kwd><kwd>public services</kwd><kwd>digitalisation</kwd><kwd>automation</kwd><kwd>customer focus</kwd><kwd>proactive management</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Данное исследование профинансировано Комитетом науки Министерства науки и высшего образования Республики Казахстан (AP22787363).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Об утверждении Концепции развития государственной службы Республики Казахстан на 2024– 2029 годы. Указ Президента Республики Казахстан от 17 июля 2024 года № 602. URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/U2400000602</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ob utverzhdenii Koncepcii razvitija gosudarstvennoj sluzhby Respubliki Kazahstan na 2024–2029 gody. Ukaz Prezidenta Respubliki Kazahstan ot 17 ijulja 2024 goda No. 602. URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/U2400000602. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">E-Government Development Index (EGDI). URL: https://publicadministration.un.org/egovkb/en-us/About/Overview/-E-Government-Development-Index</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">E-Government Development Index (EGDI). URL: https://publicadministration.un.org/egovkb/en-us/About/Overview/-E-Government-Development-Index. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">GII 2024 results. URL: https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/en/gii-2024-results.html</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GII 2024 results. URL: https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/en/gii2024-results.html. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Об утверждении Концепции развития государственного управления в Республике Казахстан до 2030 года. Указ Президента Республики Казахстан от 26 февраля 2021 года № 522. URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/U2100000522</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ob utverzhdenii Koncepcii razvitija gosudarstvennogo upravlenija v Respublike Kazahstan do 2030 goda. Ukaz Prezidenta Respubliki Kazahstan ot 26 fevralja 2021 goda No. 522. URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/U2100000522. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krueger R.A., Casey M.A. Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research. Sage, 2009. 219 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krueger R.A., Casey M.A. (2009) Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research. Sage, 219 p. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lune H., Berg B. Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Sciences, Global Edition. Pearson. 2017. 256 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lune H., Berg B. (2017) Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Sciences, Global Edition. Pearson. 256 p. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morgan D.L. Focus groups as qualitative research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications, 1997. URL: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412984287</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morgan D.L. (1997) Focus groups as qualitative research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. URL: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412984287. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hughes O.E. Public Management and Administration. Palgrave Macmillan, 4th edition. 2012. 384 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hughes O.E. (2012) Public Management and Administration. Palgrave Macmillan, 4th edition. 384 p. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Drechsler W. The rise and demise of the New Public Management: Lessons and opportunities for South East Europe // Uprava, letnik VII, 2009. No. 3. P. 7–27</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Drechsler W. (2009) The rise and demise of the New Public Management: Lessons and opportunities for South East Europe // Uprava, letnik VII. No. 3. P. 7–27. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fukuyama F. State-Building: Governance and World Order in the 21st Century. Cornell University Press. 2004. 160 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fukuyama F. (2004) State-Building: Governance and World Order in the 21st Century. Cornell University Press. 160 p. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ostrom E. Crossing the Great Divide: Coproduction, Synergy, and Development // World Development. 1996. No. 24. Issue 6. P. 1073–1087</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ostrom E. (1996) Crossing the Great Divide: Coproduction, Synergy, and Development // World Development. No. 24. Issue 6. P. 1073–1087. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rose-Ackerman S. Corruption and Government: Causes, Consequences, and Reform. Cambridge University Press. 1999. URL: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139175098</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rose-Ackerman S. (1999) Corruption and Government: Causes, Consequences, and Reform. Cambridge University Press. URL: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139175098. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heeks R. Information Systems and Developing Countries: Failure, Success, and Local Improvisations // The Information Society. 2020. No. 18. P. 101–112. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01972240290075039</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heeks R. (2020) Information Systems and Developing Countries: Failure, Success, and Local Improvisations // The Information Society. No. 18. P. 101–112. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01972240290075039. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dunleavy, Margetts, et al. New Public Management Is Dead – Long Live Digital-Era Governance // Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. 2006. No. 16(3). P. 467–494.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dunleavy, Margetts, et al. (2006) New Public Management Is Dead – Long Live Digital-Era Governance // Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. No. 16(3). P. 467–494. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The World Bank. Delivering services in multicultural societies. URL: https://documents.worldbank.org/pt/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/193841468155123642/delivering-services-in-multiculturalsocieties</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The World Bank. Delivering services in multicultural societies. URL: https://documents.worldbank.org/pt/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/193841468155123642/delivering-services-in-multiculturalsocieties. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pollitt C., Bouckaert G. Public Management Reform. A Comparative Analysis – Into The Age of Austerity. 2017. 410 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pollitt C., Bouckaert G. (2017) Public Management Reform. A Comparative Analysis – Into The Age of Austerity. 410 p. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Результаты общественного мониторинга оценки качества оказания государственных услуг // Исследовательский центр «Талап». – Нур-Султан: Агентство РК по делам государственной службы, 2021. – 380 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rezul'taty obshhestvennogo monitoringa ocenki kachestva okazanija gosudarstvennyh uslug // Issledovatel'skij centr «Talap». Nur-Sultan: Agentstvo RK po delam gosudarstvennoj sluzhby, 2021. 380 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Отчет о результатах проведения общественного мониторинга качества оказания государственных услуг. URL: https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/qyzmet/documents/details/277854?lang=kk</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Otchet o rezul'tatah provedenija obshhestvennogo monitoringa kachestva okazanija gosudarstvennyh uslug. URL: https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/qyzmet/documents/details/277854?lang=kk. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">О Система ежегодной оценки эффективности деятельности центральных государственных и местных исполнительных органов областей, городов республиканского значения, столицы. Указ Президента Республики Казахстан от 19 марта 2010 года № 954. URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/U100000954</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">O Sistema ezhegodnoj ocenki jeffektivnosti dejatel'nosti central'nyh gosudarstvennyh i mestnyh ispolnitel'nyh organov oblastej, gorodov respublikanskogo znachenija, stolicy. Ukaz Prezidenta Respubliki Kazahstan ot 19 marta 2010 goda No. 954. URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/U100000954. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Национальный доклад о состоянии государственной службы в Реcпублике Казахстан. 2024. URL: https://www.gov.kz/uploads/2024/4/5/2b570c000ed2ee210152ea19e9f0dcb3_original.764584.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nacional'nyj doklad o sostojanii gosudarstvennoj sluzhby v Recpublike Kazahstan. 2024. URL:  https:// www.gov.kz/uploads/2024/4/5/2b570c000ed2ee210152ea19e9f0dcb3_original.764584.pdf. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Veiga L., Janowski T., Barbosa L.S. Digital government and administrative burden reduction // Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance. New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 2016. P. 323–326. URL: https://doi.org/10.1145/2910019.2910107.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Veiga L., Janowski T., Barbosa L.S. (2016) Digital government and administrative burden reduction // Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance. New York: Association for Computing Machinery. P. 323–326. URL: https://doi.org/10.1145/2910019.2910107. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dunleavy P. et al. Digital Era Governance: IT Corporations, the State, and e-Government. Oxford University Press, 2006. 302 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dunleavy P. et al. (2006) Digital Era Governance: IT Corporations, the State, and e-Government. Oxford University Press, 302 p. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muralidharan et al. Building State Capacity: Evidence from Biometric Smartcards in India // American Economic Review. 2016. Vol. 106. No. 10. P. 2895–2929.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muralidharan et al. (2016) Building State Capacity: Evidence from Biometric Smartcards in India // American Economic Review. Vol. 106. No. 10. P. 2895–2929. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The World Bank. Improving Public Sector Performance through Innovation and Inter-Agency Coordination. 2018. URL: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/fr/833041539871513644/pdf/131020-WP-P163620-WorldBankGlobalReport-PUBLIC.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The World Bank. Improving Public Sector Performance through Innovation and Inter-Agency Coordination.  2018. URL: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/fr/833041539871513644/pdf/131020WP-P163620-WorldBankGlobalReport-PUBLIC.pdf. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eubanks V. Automating Inequality: How High-Tech Tools Profile, Police, and Punish the Poor. 2022. 482 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eubanks V. (2022) Automating Inequality: How High-Tech Tools Profile, Police, and Punish the Poor. 482 p. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bovens M., Zouridis S. From Street-Level to System-Level Bureaucracies: How Information and Communication Technology Is Transforming Administrative Discretion and Constitutional Control // Public Administration Review. 2002. No. 62(2). P. 174–184.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bovens M., Zouridis S. (2002) From Street-Level to System-Level Bureaucracies: How Information and Communication Technology Is Transforming Administrative Discretion and Constitutional Control // Public Administration Review. No. 62(2). P. 174–184. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Linders D., Liao C. Z.-P., Wang C.-M. Proactive e-governance: Flipping the service delivery model from pull to push in Taiwan // Government Information Quarterly. 2018, no. 35(4), p. 68–76.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Linders D., Liao C. Z.-P., Wang C.-M. (2018) Proactive e-governance: Flipping the service delivery model from pull to push in Taiwan // Government Information Quarterly, no. 35(4), p. 68–76. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Proactive governance enhances service delivery in Estonia. URL: https://e-estonia.com/proactiveservices-estonia/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Proactive governance enhances service delivery in Estonia. URL: https://e-estonia.com/proactiveservices-estonia/. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rowley J. An analysis of the e-service literature: Towards a research agenda // Internet Research. 2006. No. 16(3). P. 339–359.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rowley J. (2006) An analysis of the e-service literature: Towards a research agenda // Internet Research. No. 16(3). P. 339–359. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dunleavy P., Margetts H., Bastow S., Tinkler J. New public management is dead – long live digital – era governance // Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. – 2006. – 16(3). – P. 467–494.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dunleavy P., Margetts H., Bastow S., Tinkler J. (2006) New public management is dead – long live digital – era governance // Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. 16(3). P. 467–494. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
