<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">turan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник университета «Туран»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of "Turan" University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1562-2959</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2959-1236</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет «Туран»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46914/1562-2959-2025-1-4-396-410</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">turan-5018</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТРИБУНА МОЛОДОГО ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLATFORM OF YOUNG RESEARCHER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Теоретико-методологические аспекты учета логистических издержек в АПК</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Theoretical and methodological aspects of accounting for logistics costs in the agro-industrial complex</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3835-3550</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдимолдаева</surname><given-names>А. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdimoldaeva</surname><given-names>A. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Докторант.</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD student.</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Abdi_ainur@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9128-4891</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баймұханова</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baimukhanova</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.э.н., доцент.</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>d.e.s., associate professor.</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bsariya@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0806-8347</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмад</surname><given-names>Аффанди Махфудз</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmad</surname><given-names>Affandi Mahfudz</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD, CPIF.</p><p>Понтианак</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, CPIF.</p><p>Pontianak</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">affdes3aaf@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3991-0688</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Биктеубаева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bikteubayeva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.э.н., ассоциированный профессор.</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>c.e.s., associate professor.</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">basic0677@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Казахский национальный университет им. аль-Фараби<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Al-Farabi Kazakh National University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Университет Даруссалам Гонтор<country>Индонезия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">University of Darussalam Gontor<country>Indonesia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Алматинский гуманитарно-экономический университет<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Almaty University of Humanities and Economics<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>396</fpage><lpage>410</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Абдимолдаева А.У., Баймұханова С.Б., Ахмад А., Биктеубаева А.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абдимолдаева А.У., Баймұханова С.Б., Ахмад А., Биктеубаева А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abdimoldaeva A.U., Baimukhanova S.B., Akhmad A., Bikteubayeva A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/5018">https://vestnik.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/5018</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье выполнен комплексный анализ логистических издержек в агропромышленном комплексе Казахстана, включая количественные оценки, региональную дифференциацию, учет на уровне предприятий, применение метода ABC-costing и цифровизацию процессов. Использованы официальные статистические данные, интервью и анкетирование 15 агропредприятий в трех ключевых регионах (Северо-Казахстанская, Восточно-Казахстанская и Акмолинская области). Установлено, что 27% предприятий применяют цифровые решения, а 73% не ведут раздельный учет логистических затрат; наиболее затратными являются внутрихозяйственная транспортировка (24,6%) и складирование (21,8%). Метод ABC-costing позволил выявить расходы на погрузочно-разгрузочные работы и потери при простоях, существенно превышающие пороговые значения. Приведены эмпирические кейсы цифровизации: внедрение SAP/4HANA и Eurasia Group показало сокращение уличек на 22%, АО «Атамекен–Агро» снизило логистические потери на 63%. Проведено сравнение с зарубежными практиками (Нидерланды, Германия, Бразилия), что выявило отставание Казахстана, пока использующего точечные цифровые решения вместо системных TMS-платформ. Гипотеза о снижении логистических расходов через интеграцию ERP, ABC-costing и IoT подтверждена. Разработаны практикоориентированные рекомендации: государственная цифровая программа, стандарты учета, кадровое обучение и модернизация инфраструктуры. Работа представляет научную практическую новизну благодаря системности, количественному обоснованию и межрегиональному охвату.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article provides a comprehensive analysis of logistics costs in Kazakhstan’s agro-industrial complex, including quantitative assessments, regional differentiation, enterprise-level accounting practices, use of the ABCcosting method, and digitalization processes. The study is based on official statistical data and field research from 15 agricultural enterprises in three key regions (North Kazakhstan, East Kazakhstan, and Akmola). It was found that only 27% of enterprises use digital solutions, while 73% do not separate logistics costs in their accounting. The most significant cost categories were intra-farm transportation (24.6%) and warehousing (21.8%). The ABC-costing method revealed that loading/unloading and downtime losses significantly exceeded threshold values. Case studies on digitalization are presented: implementation of SAP/4HANA by Eurasia Group reduced costs by 22%, while Atameken–Agro JSC reduced transport losses by 63% through GPS-based internal logistics monitoring. Comparison with international practices (Netherlands, Germany, Brazil) shows Kazakhstan lags behind, relying on fragmented digital tools instead of comprehensive TMS platforms. The hypothesis that integration of ERP, ABC-costing, and IoT can reduce logistics costs is confirmed. Practice-oriented recommendations include the development of a national digital program, accounting standards, professional training, and infrastructure modernization. The work offers scientific and practical novelty due to its systemic approach, quantitative justification, and interregional scope.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>логистика</kwd><kwd>агропромышленный комплекс</kwd><kwd>учет затрат</kwd><kwd>логистические издержки</kwd><kwd>ABCcosting</kwd><kwd>ERP-система</kwd><kwd>цифровизация</kwd><kwd>себестоимость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>logistics</kwd><kwd>agro-industrial complex</kwd><kwd>cost accounting</kwd><kwd>logistics costs</kwd><kwd>ABC-costing</kwd><kwd>ERP system</kwd><kwd>digitalization</kwd><kwd>cost price</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">OECD. Maritime Transportation Costs in the Grains and Oilseeds Sector. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2023. URL: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/maritime-transportation-costs-in-the-grains-and-oilseeds-sector_b1cdf6b7-en.html (accessed: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">OECD. (2023) Maritime Transportation Costs in the Grains and Oilseeds Sector. Paris: OECD Publishing. URL: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/maritime-transportation-costs-in-the-grains-and-oilseeds-sector_ b1cdf6b7-en.html (accessed: 21.07.2025) (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhou X. et al. Study on the Application of Activity Based Costing in Cold Chain Logistics Enterprises under Low Carbon Environment // Sustainability. 2023. Vol. 15(18). P. 13808. URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/18/13808/pdf (accessed: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhou X. et al. (2023) Study on the Application of Activity Based Costing in Cold Chain Logistics Enterprises under Low Carbon Environment // Sustainability. Vol. 15 (18). P. 13808. URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/18/13808/pdf (accessed: 21.07.2025) (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Charlebois S., Latif N., Ilahi I., Sarker B., Music J., Vezeau J. Digital Traceability in Agri-Food Supply Chains: A Comparative Analysis of OECD Member Countries // Foods. 2024. Vol. 13(7). P. 1075. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13071075 (accessed: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Charlebois S., Latif N., Ilahi I., Sarker B., Music J., Vezeau J. (2024) Digital Traceability in Agri-Food Supply Chains: A Comparative Analysis of OECD Member Countries // Foods. Vol. 13 (7). P. 1075. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13071075 (accessed: 21.07.2025) (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">FAO. Feasibility Study for Application of Digital Technologies for Improved Traceability and Transparency along the Agrifood Value Chains. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2023. URL: https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cc9850en (accessed: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">FAO. (2023) Feasibility Study for Application of Digital Technologies for Improved Traceability and Transparency along the Agrifood Value Chains. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. URL: https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cc9850en (accessed: 21.07.2025) (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bowersox D.J., Closs D.J. Logistical Management: The Integrated Supply Chain Process. New York: McGraw Hill, 2002. URL: https://archive.org/details/logisticalmanage0000bowe_y8w8 (accessed: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bowersox D.J., Closs D.J. (2002) Logistical Management: The Integrated Supply Chain Process. New York: McGraw Hill. URL: https://archive.org/details/logisticalmanage0000bowe_y8w8 (accessed: 21.07.2025) (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Christopher M. Logistics and Supply Chain Management (4th ed.). Harlow, UK: Pearson Education, 2011. URL: https://duikt.edu.ua/uploads/l_1977_70854419.pdf (accessed: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Christopher M. (2011) Logistics and Supply Chain Management (4th ed.). Harlow, UK: Pearson Education. URL: https://duikt.edu.ua/uploads/l_1977_70854419.pdf (accessed: 21.07.2025) (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ержанов А.К., Тайгашинова К.Т. Ауыл шаруашылығы өнімдерінің өзіндік құнын қалыптастырудағы логистикалық шығындарды есепке алудың ерекшеліктері // Статистика, есеп және аудит. – 2021. – № 2 (81). – Б. 24–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51579/1563-2415.2021-2.03.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Erjanov A.K., Taigaşinova K.T. (2021) Auyl şaruaşylyğy önımderınıñ özındık qūnyn qalyptastyrudağy logistikalyq şyğyndardy esepke aludyñ erekşelıkterı // Statistika, esep jäne audit. No. 2 (81). P. 24–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51579/1563-2415.2021-2.03. (In Kazakh).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taygashinova K.T., Dauzova A.M., Dyrka S. Digitalization – a Tool to Enhance Logistics Efficiency in the Agro-Industrial Complex // Statistika, Uchet i Audit. 2021. Vol. 4(83). P. 16–24. URL: https://sua.aesa.kz/main/article/view/82/78 (accessed: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taygashinova K.T., Dauzova A.M., Dyrka S. (2021) Digitalization – a Tool to Enhance Logistics Efficiency in the Agro-Industrial Complex // Statistika, Uchet i Audit. Vol. 4 (83). P. 16–24. URL: https://sua. aesa.kz/main/article/view/82/78 (accessed: 21.07.2025) (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Корженгулова А.А., Тайгашинова К.Т., Назарова В.Л. Международный опыт и состояние логистики в Казахстане // Вестник университета «Туран». – 2019. – № 2. – С. 28–33. URL: https://vestnik.turanedu.kz/jour/article/view/722 (дата обращения: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korzhengulova A.A., Tajgashinova K.T., Nazarova V.L. (2019) Mezhdunarodnyj opyt i sostojanie logistiki v Kazahstane // Vestnik universiteta «Turan». No. 2. P. 28–33. URL: https://vestnik.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/722 (data obrashhenija: 21.07.2025) (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гиляровская Л.Т. Управленческий учет и логистические затраты // Финансы и управление. – 2018. – № 6. – С. 43–51.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giljarovskaja L.T. (2018) Upravlencheskij uchet i logisticheskie zatraty // Finansy i upravlenie. No. 6. P. 43–51. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Савицкая Г.В. Анализ хозяйственной деятельности предприятия. – Минск: Новое знание, 2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savickaja G.V. (2020) Analiz hozjajstvennoj dejatel’nosti predprijatija. Minsk: Novoe znanie. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">FAO. Food Loss and Waste Database. Rome: FAO, 2022. URL: https://www.fao.org/platform-foodloss-waste/ (accessed: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">FAO. (2022) Food Loss and Waste Database. Rome: FAO. URL: https://www.fao.org/platform-foodloss-waste/ (accessed: 21.07.2025) (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">OECD. Logistics Costs and Food Accessibility. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2023. URL: https://www.oecd.org/food/logistics-costs (accessed: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">OECD. (2023) Logistics Costs and Food Accessibility. Paris: OECD Publishing. URL: https://www.oecd.org/food/logistics-costs (accessed: 21.07.2025) (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бюро национальной статистики АСПиР РК. Основные показатели агропромышленного комплекса Республики Казахстан за 2020–2024 гг. – Астана: БНС РК, 2024. URL: https://stat.gov.kz/official/industry/61/statistic/7 (дата обращения: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bjuro nacional’noj statistiki ASPiR RK. Osnovnye pokazateli agropromyshlennogo kompleksa Respubliki Kazahstan za 2020–2024 gg. Astana: BNS RK, 2024. URL: https://stat.gov.kz/official/industry/61/statistic/7 (data obrashhenija: 21.07.2025) (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Министерство сельского хозяйства Республики Казахстан. Отчеты и аналитические материалы по развитию аграрного сектора за 2020–2024 гг. – Астана: МСХ РК, 2024. URL: https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/moa/activities (дата обращения: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ministerstvo sel’skogo hozjajstva Respubliki Kazahstan. Otchety i analiticheskie materialy po razvitiju agrarnogo sektora za 2020–2024 gg. – Astana: MSH RK, 2024. URL: https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/moa/activities (data obrashhenija: 21.07.2025) (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Правительство Республики Казахстан. Национальный проект по развитию агропромышленного комплекса на 2021–2025 годы. – Астана, 2021. URL: https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/moa/documents/details/267238?lang=ru (дата обращения: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pravitel’stvo Respubliki Kazahstan. Nacional’nyj proekt po razvitiju agropromyshlennogo kompleksa na 2021–2025 gody. Astana, 2021. URL: https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/moa/documents/details/267238?lang=ru (data obrashhenija: 21.07.2025) (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Министерство сельского хозяйства РК. Программа «Агробизнес-2020». – Астана, 2013. URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1300000131 (дата обращения: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ministerstvo sel’skogo hozjajstva RK. Programma «Agrobiznes-2020». Astana, 2013. URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1300000131 (data obrashhenija: 21.07.2025) (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sánchez Rebull M.V., Niñerola A., Hernández Lara A.B. After 30 Years, What Has Happened to Activity Based Costing? A Systematic Literature Review // SAGE Open. 2023. Vol. 13(2). DOI: 10.1177/21582440231178785.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sánchez Rebull M.V., Niñerola A., Hernández Lara A.B. (2023) After 30 Years, What Has Happened to Activity Based Costing? A Systematic Literature Review // SAGE Open. Vol. 13 (2). DOI: 10.1177/21582440231178785. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lever X. How Eurasia Group Kazakhstan Optimized Logistics with SAP S/4HANA. 2023. URL: https://leverx.com/ (accessed: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lever X. (2023) How Eurasia Group Kazakhstan Optimized Logistics with SAP S/4HANA. URL: https://leverx.com/ (accessed: 21.07.2025) (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Digitalization of the Agricultural Business of “Atameken-Agro” JSC. Official Company Website. 2025. URL: https://atameken-agro.com/en/czifrovizacziya-agrarnogo-biznesa-ao-atameken-agro/ (accessed: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Digitalization of the Agricultural Business of “Atameken-Agro” JSC. (2025) Official Company Website. URL: https://atameken-agro.com/en/czifrovizacziya-agrarnogo-biznesa-ao-atameken-agro/ (accessed: 21.07.2025) (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">1С-Сапа. 1С: Бухгалтерия для сельскохозяйственных предприятий Казахстана. URL: https://solutions.1c.ru/catalog/agr-buh-kz (дата обращения: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1S-Sapa. 1S: Buhgalterija dlja sel’skohozjajstvennyh predprijatij Kazahstana. URL: https://solutions.1c.ru/catalog/agr-buh-kz (data obrashhenija: 21.07.2025) (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">FAO. Digital Agriculture: Report from the Regional Conference for Europe. Rome: FAO, 2021. URL: https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cb4234en (accessed: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">FAO. (2021) Digital Agriculture: Report from the Regional Conference for Europe. Rome: FAO. URL: https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cb4234en (accessed: 21.07.2025) (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">OECD. Digital and Data-Driven Agriculture: Enhancing Productivity and Sustainability in the Food System. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/bb7b88b8-en.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">OECD. (2023) Digital and Data-Driven Agriculture: Enhancing Productivity and Sustainability in the Food System. Paris: OECD Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/bb7b88b8-en. (In English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Правительство Республики Казахстан. Постановление № 960 от 31 декабря 2021 года «Об утверждении Государственной программы развития агропромышленного комплекса на 2022–2026 годы». – Астана, 2021. URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P2100000960 (дата обращения: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pravitel’stvo Respubliki Kazahstan. Postanovlenie № 960 ot 31 dekabrja 2021 goda «Ob utverzhdenii Gosudarstvennoj programmy razvitija agropromyshlennogo kompleksa na 2022–2026 gody». Astana, 2021. URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P2100000960 (data obrashhenija: 21.07.2025) (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Министерство национальной экономики РК. Постановление № 1116 от 27 декабря 2023 года «Об утверждении Концепции развития транспортной логистики до 2030 года». – Астана, 2023. URL: https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/mne/documents/details/498112?lang=ru (дата обращения: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ministerstvo nacional’noj jekonomiki RK. Postanovlenie № 1116 ot 27 dekabrja 2023 goda «Ob utverzhdenii Koncepcii razvitija transportnoj logistiki do 2030 goda». Astana, 2023. URL: https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/mne/documents/details/498112?lang=ru (data obrashhenija: 21.07.2025) (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Национальный проект «Ауыл аманаты». Официальный сайт Правительства РК. – Астана, 2023. URL: https://gov.kz/memleket/entities/moa/documents/details/483714?lang=ru (дата обращения: 21.07.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nacional’nyj proekt «Auyl amanaty». Oficial’nyj sajt Pravitel’stva RK. Astana, 2023. URL: https://gov.kz/memleket/entities/moa/documents/details/483714?lang=ru (data obrashhenija: 21.07.2025) (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
