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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">turan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник университета «Туран»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of "Turan" University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1562-2959</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2959-1236</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет «Туран»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46914/1562-2959-2026-1-2-378-395</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">turan-5597</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТРИБУНА МОЛОДОГО ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLATFORM OF YOUNG RESEARCHER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптимизация распределения государственного капитала для диверсификации экономики Казахстана в условиях бюджетных ограничений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optimization of public capital allocation for economic diversification of Kazakhstan under budgetary constraints</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8753-847X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нұртаза</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nurtaza</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докторант</p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctoral student </p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">24250278@turan-edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7205-3289</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алтунташ</surname><given-names>Гюльтекин</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Altuntash</surname><given-names>Gultekin</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD, ассоциированный профессор </p><p>г. Стамбул</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, associate professor</p><p>Istanbul</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">altuntas@istanbul.edu.tr</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5660-3351</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бекназарова</surname><given-names>A. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beknazarova</surname><given-names>A. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.э.н., профессор </p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>c.e.s., professor </p><p>Almaty</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.beknazarova@turan-edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет «Туран»</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Turan University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Стамбульский университет</institution><country>Турция</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Istanbul University</institution><country>Turkey</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>378</fpage><lpage>395</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нұртаза А.Н., Алтунташ Г., Бекназарова A.Т., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нұртаза А.Н., Алтунташ Г., Бекназарова A.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nurtaza A.N., Altuntash G., Beknazarova A.T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/5597">https://vestnik.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/5597</self-uri><abstract><p>Сужение фискального пространства Казахстана делает критически важной не величину, а структуру распределения государственного капитала между секторами экономики. Цель исследования – построить и решить на официальных данных Казахстана сетевую оптимизационную модель, определяющую такое распределение ограниченного государственного капитала по секторам, которое максимизирует диверсификацию экономики при бюджетном ограничении. Методология объединяет анализ «затраты–выпуск», анализ производственной сети и оптимизацию с ограничениями. Эмпирической основой служат симметричные таблицы «затраты – выпуск» Республики Казахстан за 2020–2023 гг.: на их базе рассчитаны выходные мультипликаторы, обратные и прямые связи по Расмуссену и показатели сетевой центральности для 68 видов продукции, агрегированных в укрупненные секторы. Диверсификация операционализирована через индекс концентрации экспорта Херфиндаля-Хиршмана. Сформулирована оптимизационная модель с убывающей предельной отдачей, в которой доли секторов в фиксированном капитальном бюджете являются переменными решения, а вклад секторов в диверсификацию задается весами, скорректированными на экспортную ориентацию. Расчеты показывают, что наибольшей сетевой рычажностью обладают торговля и бизнес-услуги и металлургический комплекс, тогда как транспорт занимает среднее положение; при этом высокая сетевая центральность ресурсных секторов не означает их вклада в диверсификацию. Решение модели дает распределение, систематически расходящееся с фактической структурой инвестиций: добывающий сегмент переинвестирован относительно своего вклада в диверсификацию, а ряд несырьевых секторов недофинансирован. Научная новизна состоит в том, что секторальные приоритеты получены не качественно, а как решение формализованной оптимизационной модели с измеримыми, воспроизводимыми сетевыми параметрами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>As Kazakhstan’s fiscal space narrows, the sectoral structure of public capital allocation becomes critical. This study constructs and solves a network optimization model using Kazakhstan’s official data to allocate limited state capital across sectors, maximizing economic diversification under budget constraints. The methodology integrates input-output analysis, production network analysis, and constrained optimization. The empirical basis comprises Kazakhstan’s 2020–2023 symmetric input-output tables, used to calculate output multipliers, Rasmussen linkages, and centrality indicators for 68 product types aggregated into broad sectors. Diversification is operationalized via the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index of export concentration. The optimization model incorporates diminishing marginal returns, where sector shares in a fixed budget are decision variables, and sector contributions are determined by export-adjusted weights. Calculations show that trade, business services, and metallurgy possess the greatest network leverage, while transportation occupies a middle position; meanwhile, the high centrality of resource sectors does not imply a contribution to diversification. The model’s solution systematically diverges from the actual investment structure: the extractive sector is overinvested relative to its diversification impact, while several non-extractive sectors remain underfunded. The scientific novelty lies in deriving sectoral priorities not qualitatively, but as the solution to a formalized optimization model based on measurable, reproducible network parameters.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диверсификация экономики</kwd><kwd>государственные инвестиции</kwd><kwd>анализ</kwd><kwd>затраты – выпуск</kwd><kwd>производственные сети</kwd><kwd>распределение капитала</kwd><kwd>бюджетные ограничения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>economic diversification</kwd><kwd>public investment</kwd><kwd>analysis</kwd><kwd>input-output</kwd><kwd>production networks</kwd><kwd>capital allocation</kwd><kwd>budget constraints</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Corden W.M., Neary J.P. Booming Sector and De-Industrialisation in a Small Open Economy // The Economic Journal. 1982. Vol. 92. No. 368. P. 825–848. 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