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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">turan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник университета «Туран»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of "Turan" University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1562-2959</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2959-1236</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет «Туран»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46914/1562-2959-2026-1-2-690-703</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">turan-5625</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТРИБУНА МОЛОДОГО ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLATFORM OF YOUNG RESEARCHER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Государственная поддержка и барьеры развития малого и среднего предпринимательства и социальных предприятий: опыт Акмолинской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>State support and barriers to SME and social enterprise development: evidence from Аkmola region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3478-8185</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Закирова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakirova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докторант</p><p>г. Петропавловск; г. Кокшетау</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctoral student</p><p>Petropavl; Kokshetau</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">MZakirova@shokan.edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1233-9936</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кенжетaева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kenzhetayeva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD, ассистент-профессор</p><p>г. Блюфилд</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, assistant professor</p><p>Bluefield</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akenzhetayeva@bluefieldstate.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Казахстанский университет им. М. Козыбаева; &#13;
Кокшетауский университет им. Ш. Уалиханова</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University; &#13;
Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Блюфилдский государственный университет</institution><country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bluefield State University</institution><country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>690</fpage><lpage>703</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Закирова М.С., Кенжетaева А.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Закирова М.С., Кенжетaева А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakirova M.S., Kenzhetayeva A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/5625">https://vestnik.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/5625</self-uri><abstract><p>Настоящее исследование посвящено анализу восприятия предпринимателями малого и среднего бизнеса (МСП) Акмолинской области мер государственной поддержки и выявлению системных барьеров, препятствующих развитию бизнеса, включая сектор социального предпринимательства. Методологической основой исследования послужили фокус-групповые дискуссии с участием представителей различных форм бизнеса, что позволило получить углубленное понимание субъективных оценок предпринимателей, определить ключевые проблемные зоны и особенности их взаимодействия с государственными инструментами поддержки. Анализ данных осуществлялся методом тематического анализа, в результате которого были выявлены девять основных проблемных направлений, включая административные барьеры, сложности доступа к кредитным ресурсам, ограничения грантового финансирования, инфраструктурные проблемы и специфические трудности социального предпринимательства. Результаты исследования показывают, что официальные показатели численности субъектов МСП не всегда отражают их реальную экономическую устойчивость, а существующие институциональные механизмы поддержки часто воспринимаются как формальные, фрагментарные и недостаточно доступные, особенно для микробизнеса и сельских предпринимателей. Социальные предприниматели, в свою очередь, подчеркивают значимость получения официального статуса, одновременно указывая на избыточную бюрократическую нагрузку и ограниченную применимость действующих критериев. Научная ценность работы заключается в качественном, регионально ориентированном анализе развития МСП и социального предпринимательства, дополняющем количественные исследования в данной области. Практическая значимость результатов состоит в возможности их использования при совершенствовании региональной политики поддержки предпринимательства, повышении прозрачности и адресности мер государственной поддержки и адаптации их к потребностям микропредприятий и сельских территорий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study examines how small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) entrepreneurs in the Akmola region perceive government support measures and identifies systemic barriers that hinder business development, including within the social entrepreneurship sector. The methodological framework is based on two focus group discussions involving representatives of various business types, including social enterprises. The use of purposive sampling and semistructured discussions allowed for a thorough understanding of entrepreneurs’ subjective assessments, identification of key problem areas, and analysis of their interactions with government support instruments. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis following the approach of Braun and Clarke, which allowed the identification of nine major thematic problem areas, including administrative barriers, difficulties in accessing credit, grant financing constraints, infrastructure limitations, and challenges specific to social entrepreneurship. The findings suggest that official statistics on the number of SMEs do not always reflect their actual economic sustainability, while existing institutional support mechanisms are often perceived as formal, fragmented, and insufficiently accessible, particularly for microenterprises and rural businesses. Social entrepreneurs, in particular, emphasize the high value of obtaining official status but highlight excessive bureaucratic requirements and the limited applicability of current eligibility criteria. The scientific significance of the study lies in conducting a qualitative regional analysis of the development of SMEs and social entrepreneurship in the Akmola region, which allows us to supplement existing quantitative studies with empirical data on the practical experience of entrepreneurs. From a practical perspective, the results may inform policymakers and regional development institutions by highlighting critical gaps between formal support mechanisms and real business needs. The study offers targeted recommendations aimed at improving the transparency, accessibility, and adaptability of government support instruments, with particular attention to the needs of microbusinesses and rural areas, thereby contributing to more inclusive and sustainable regional economic development.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>социальное предпринимательство</kwd><kwd>малый и средний бизнес</kwd><kwd>государственная поддержка</kwd><kwd>фокус-группа</kwd><kwd>барьеры развития</kwd><kwd>региональное развитие</kwd><kwd>государственная политика.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>social entrepreneurship</kwd><kwd>small and medium-sized enterprises</kwd><kwd>government support</kwd><kwd>focus groups</kwd><kwd>development barriers</kwd><kwd>regional development</kwd><kwd>public policy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">OECD. 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