The article discusses the issues of efficiency of production of fish farming industries, the challenges facing the fishing industry, shows the country's fish resources. The authors consider the issues of regulating the development of fish farming and fishing. In пeneral, Kazakhstan has certain conditions for their intensive development. The article describes the characteristics and features of these two industries. The consumption of fish products in Kazakhstan is at a very low level. The increase in the share of imported products in the country's domestic market has a negative impact on local fish production. As part of the provision of state support measures for the development of commercial fish farming, subsidies are provided for expenditures on investment in the purchase of machinery and equipment for fish farms. As part of the adjustment of the state program of the agro-industrial complex, proposals have been prepared to expand state support measures by subsidizing the costs of fish planting material. The article considers the volume of production and their implementation in the context of specific farms, estimates subsidies and shows the profitability of production, taking into account state support. The directions of commercial fisheries and their characteristics: lake-commercial - the most promising, allowing in a short time and at low cost to dramatically increase production of marketable fish; pond and industrial that need to be developed through the implementation of effective and scientifically based technologies; industrial fisheries; river basin technology. Proposals for the development of fish farming have been developed.