Digitalization: formation and development in the Republic of Kazakhstan

The article discusses the current stage of transition to digitalization, the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the industrial revolution, gives a brief description of technological structures in the world of technical and economic development. The comparative characteristic of the fifth and sixth technological structures is given. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, as in many countries of the world, the processes of digitalization are the sphere of state regulation, the State program "Digital Kazakhstan" was adopted. At the moment, the question of assessing the economic, social and other effects of the processes of digitalization of the economy remains difficult and open. The main condition for the transformation of the national and world economy into an electronic format is the level of development of the ICT industry. It is the performance of the ICT industry that has a direct impact on the level of efficiency of the digital economy and the national economy as a whole. In the article the analysis of level and dynamics of basic indicators of the functioning of the ICT sector in Kazakhstan. Since ICT costs directly characterize the country's costs of digitalization of the economy, a comparative analysis of ICT costs, investment and research and development per 1000 tenge of GDP is proposed and conducted. The analysis of the share of production and services in the ICT industry in relation to GDP in dynamics is also presented.

цифровизация, цифровая экономика, экономический рост, технологический уклад, информационно-коммуникационные технологии, эффективность, конкурентоспособность экономики, digitalization, digital economy, economic growth, technological structure, information and communication technologies, efficiency, economy competitiveness, цифрландыру, цифрлық экономика, экономикалық өсім, технологиялық қалау, ақпараттық-коммуникациялық технологиялар, тиімділік, экономиканың бәсекеге қабілеттілігі

1. Глазьев С.Ю. Теория долгосрочного технико-экономического развития. - М.: ВлаДар, 1993. - 310 с.

2. Авдеенка Т.В., Алетдинова А.А. Цифровизация экономики на основе совершенствования экспертных систем управления знаниями // Научно-технические ведомости СПбГПУ. Экономические науки. - 2017. - № 1. - Том 10. - С. 165-168.

3. Бойко И.П., Евневич М.А., Колышкин А.В. Экономика предприятия в цифровую эпоху // Российское предпринимательство. - 2017. - № 7. - Том 18. - С. 1127-1136.

4. Земцов С. Роботы и потенциальная технологическая безработица в регионах России: опыт изучения и предварительные оценки // Вопросы экономики. - 2017. - № 7. - С. 1-16.

5. ГП «Цифровой Казахстан». [Электронный ресурс]. - Режим доступа: https://digitalkz.kz/ru/o-programme/.