Instruments of state stimulation of investments in the conditions of Industry 4.0 development

The article describes the methods of state stimulation of investments in the development of R&D and innovation. Based on the research of experts from the Big Four and reports of international organizations, an overview of current trends in the application of methods and measures of state support for investment in R & D and innovation in various countries, including those with a similar economic structure to Kazakhstan, is made. At the heart of modern innovative trends, the development of elements of Industry 4.0 and the digital transformation of industrial enterprises are of great importance for economic growth. In the context of a pandemic, there are crisis changes in the economy, in the behavior of business entities and people’s consciousness, which provide for a proactive role of the state in ensuring stability and forming a sustainable development trend in the post-pandemic period. Crises, as a rule, in addition to destructive consequences, create the need and opportunities for the introduction of innovations and the transition to a qualitatively new technological level of development. One of the main factors of successful investment decisions of enterprises at the present stage is the speed of application of new digital technologies, which are more effective in comparison with investments in the creation of new production capacities. In the conditions of uncertainty of return on investment, the author suggests using the fiscal measures adopted in international practice to stimulate investment in R & D, including for the development of Industry 4.0 in the basic industries of Kazakhstan. The considered structure of investment incentives can be used to increase the scale of investments by large private and national corporations in the MMC and NGS sector, which positively affects the financial flows of enterprises and state budget revenues in the medium term. The author’s conclusions may be of interest to state authorized bodies and company managers when financing digitalization projects of industrial enterprises.

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