For citations:

Мadykhanova K.A., Serikbaeva Zh.D. Technological leadership as a driver of national innovation development: an analysis of the top 10 countries and Kazakhstan. Bulletin of "Turan" University. 2026;(1):268-284. (In Kazakh) https://doi.org/10.46914/1562-2959-2026-1-1-268-284