The labor market, like any other market, is affected by the economic situation developing in the country. At the same time, its condition and the indicators characterizing it act not only as bright indicators of the general socioeconomic situation of society, but also signal the emergence, deepening and growth of various problems associated with increasing social tension. This paper summarizes various approaches to defining and characterizing the labor market, and provides a comprehensive analysis of trends, magnitude and dynamics of factors influencing the current state of the labor market, its features in the distribution of employment among the population and directions of transformation. The studied aspects and factors significantly transform traditional relations in the labor market. Changes occurring in this area affect both working conditions and the process of labor activity itself. This leads to the disappearance of some professions and the emergence of new ones, which, on the one hand, can cause fluctuations in the unemployment rate, and on the other hand, increase the requirements for the qualifications of potential employees. The current situation requires urgent measures to organize the coordinated activities of various economic agents aimed at monitoring and regulating relations in the labor market.

The research article examines the assessment of the export potential of the grain industry in Kazakhstan. The main attention is paid to crop production, which is the main direction of agricultural production. The share in the gross output of agriculture, forestry and fisheries was 61%, including 25% of the total accounted for the cultivation of grain crops. And over the last decade, this value for grain varies between 20-30%. The importance of grain farming as a significant branch of the agro-industrial complex of the country, comparable with the share in the output of all livestock production, is highlighted. Its development has decisive socio-economic consequences for the country as a whole. The main factors of grain exports in the agricultural sector have been identified, of course, exports from Kazakhstan are not crucial for the foreign trade sector, however, they are an important factor in the development of rural areas. Currently, about a third of the grain grown is sent to the world market, which allows Kazakhstan to play a significant role in international trade and ensuring global food security, ensuring its own status as a net exporter of food products and directly affecting the competitiveness and efficiency of the industry. A retrospective analysis of grain production and use in Kazakhstan, including in the context of individual grain crops, was carried out. The trends of grain exports from Kazakhstan in the context of the largest countries in the consumption of Kazakh grain are revealed. The results of promising markets and grain sales routes from Kazakhstan are presented.

Quinoa is relatively unpopular, unique herbaceous plant which can help with the solution of many economic problems such as: resolving food safety of the country, expanding the format of agricultural production, appliance of quinoa in various sectors of the national economy. In the course of writing this article, analytical, statistical, monographic, positive and normative research methods were applied. The authors define the following purposes: to elaborate the importance of growing quinoa in our country, to show advantages and possible benefits of its development in various sectors and the main idea of the article is cluster development which should help in achieving tangible results in the shortest time span. Long-term prospects raise interest. Quinoa as a grain crop takes root very easily in difficult agro-ecological conditions. The Republic of Kazakhstan, in addition to lands favorable for agriculture, has arid areas, as well as areas with saline soils; accordingly, they are subject to low crop rotation. The authors propose to place a cluster in the Aral Sea region on the Kazakh side for growing and processing quinoa with the aim of developing the region and producing a variety of related products from it. This proposal will help to solve organizational and financial issues of implementing large innovative projects. The proposed cluster in the article comprises enterprises which closely cooperate with scientific, financial institutions and government authorities. The development of the cluster has to make possible to use all resources more fully, reveal the possibilities of the “green economy”, rational use of resources, technology transfer and ensure the production of competitive products.

The article notes that various methods of resource mobilization are used to financially support agricultural production. They are mainly implemented in practice through the lending system through JSC Agrarian Credit Corporation, which includes rural credit partnerships. The article discusses issues of state financial support for agricultural producers through their lending through rural credit partnerships. The relationship between the results of production and financial activities of agricultural entities and the credit partnership is shown, justified by the specific data provided by the participants who, through the loans received, improved their production and financial performance. The efficiency of the activities of credit partnerships (CPs) was studied using the example of CT Tselinogradskoye LLP, which provides lending and subsidizing services at interest rates significantly lower than market ones. The effectiveness of the credit partnership's activities is noted, which is ensured by annual monitoring by the CT of the targeted use of bank loans and borrowings, the financial condition of the business entity, as well as their collateral. It is generalized that CTs, by providing intermediary assistance in the distribution of credit resources allocated from the republican budget, generally demonstrate their financial stability and the effectiveness of their activities. At the same time, by increasing the volume of loans issued to agricultural producers and subsidizing interest rates on loans received, credit unions contribute to a significant improvement in the production and financial performance of the majority of participants in credit partnerships.

The financial industry, including the banking sector, has traditionally been a leader in introducing innovative technologies and digital services to its customers. Digital products and solutions help to receive financial services quickly and conveniently, and affordable and easy-to-use services are becoming an integral part of Kazakhstani financial institutions. It is already possible to receive banking services remotely and using biometric technologies. At the same time, the number of «hybrid» bank customers is growing in Kazakhstan. Kazakhstani banks are introducing new solutions for online bank account opening and the use of biometric technologies (fingerprints, voice and face recognition). A service has been launched for online opening of a bank account by legal entities and concluding a compulsory insurance contract at the stage of their state registration through the e-government portal, that is, a newly created legal entity can undergo state registration within the framework of one electronic procedure, open a bank account at its discretion in one of the second-tier banks offering such a service, and insure its employees. Thus, the process of forming a new digital financial services system is actively underway. Scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the authors of the article offer specific recommendations to improve the activities of Kazakhstan's secondtier banks on the use of digitalisation and new information products. In particular: the development of a clear digital strategy for small and medium-sized companies and enterprises, as they currently face certain negative problems due to cyber threats and risks of new technologies. It provides an effective start to a programme consisting of the creation of long-term innovation development institutions and specific projects in specific sectors for the sustainable development of the digitalisation process. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that Open API and Open Banking, etc. are aimed at continuing the introduction of new information products available to Kazakhstan's second-tier banks. The authors, based on the analysis of the current situation in the Kazakh banking system, propose to actively implement new solutions for online bank account opening, which is the main objective of the study and reflects the practical significance of its results.

This article discusses the role and importance of public audit in the system of financial control in Kazakhstan. Public audit is the main tool for ensuring transparency and accountability in the management of public financial resources, as well as an important element of maintaining economic security of the country. The purpose of the study is to determine the place, functions and tasks of public audit in the system of financial control of Kazakhstan, as well as to analyse its impact on economic security and management of public resources. The main directions of the study include the study of the structure and organisation of public audit, its main functions, identification of current problems and prospects for the development of this system. The scientific significance of the work lies in the systematisation of knowledge about public audit in Kazakhstan and a comprehensive analysis of its impact on the financial system of the country. Practical significance is to identify specific problems facing the public audit system and provide recommendations for their solution. The value of the study is determined by an in-depth study of the functions and tasks of public audit and identification of its impact on the management of public resources and economic security. The results of the study can become the basis for improving the public audit system. The practical significance of the results lies in the development of specific proposals to improve the efficiency of public audit bodies, ensure their independence, strengthen human resources and introduce modern technologies. These measures will contribute to improving the quality of public resource management and reducing corruption in Kazakhstan.

State management of the region's image plays a key role in the strategic development of territories. The image of a region is formed under the influence of many factors, including economic indicators, social conditions, environmental conditions, cultural heritage and information policy. In this article, the object of research is the Pavlodar region, considered from the point of view of image formation. The factors of political influence and mechanisms of information support that contribute to the creation of a positive image and increase in the investment attractiveness of the region are analyzed. The Pavlodar region has significant natural resources and developed industrial and transport infrastructure, which creates the basis for economic growth. In order to leverage these advantages, it is necessary to target image management focused on long-term strategies. focused on long-term strategies. The conducted sociological survey revealed the strengths and weaknesses of the region. The authors determined that the image of a region is influenced by various factors, including natural resources, development of economic infrastructure, cultural heritage and quality of life of the population. The activities of government agencies aimed at strengthening and promoting a positive image of the region play an important role. Comprehensive strategies aimed at developing tourism and investment attractiveness, improving the urban environment, supporting local entrepreneurship and strengthening social infrastructure ensure the formation of a sustainable, favourable image and increasing the region's competitiveness in the international arena. In the context of the digital transformation of the economy of Kazakhstan, in order to improve the image of the region, the authors propose optimizing the branding and positioning of the region, which requires the use of modern models and approaches, such as: digital integration, omnichannel, sustainable positioning, brand ecosystem, interactivity. These approaches help adapt branding to new digital conditions and strengthen the presence of the region in the national and international arenas.

The purpose of research is to determine the impact of various forms of farming on the efficiency of agriculture in Turkestan region using econometric models, which will make it possible to formulate proposals for improving agricultural policy in the region. Research hypothesis. It is assumed that the structure of commodity producers has a significant impact on the efficiency of agriculture in Turkestan region. In particular, larger agrarian enterprises show high productivity and economic efficiency due to the scale of production and access to better technologies. At the same time, farmers and smallholders can make important contributions to the diversity of production and sustainability of the agrarian economy, but their efficiency may be limited by insufficient access to financial and technical resources. In the course of the study, the authors used methods of literature review of domestic and foreign researchers, statistical method, economic and mathematical method, modelling, etc. The result of the study is the development of proposals to optimise the structure of agriculture in the region, including measures to support small and medium-sized farms to improve their competitiveness, as well as the development of cooperation between producers to improve their access to resources and technology.

The article is dedicated to exploring the prerequisites and identifying the development potential of the creative sector in Kazakhstan. The main objective of the work is to determine the key factors contributing to the sustainable growth of creative industries through a comparative analysis of Kazakhstan’s "Concept for the Development of Creative Industries for 2021–2025" and the British "Creative Industries Sector Deal." The study employs methods of systematic literature review, comparative, and critical analysis to assess factors such as government support, investment activity, infrastructure projects, and workforce training. The scientific significance of the research lies in the systematization and evaluation of the impact of economic, social, and institutional factors on the growth of the creative sector in Kazakhstan. The practical significance of the work is associated with the potential use of the findings to develop strategies aimed at advancing the creative sector, which will enhance its contribution to the economy and improve Kazakhstan's international competitiveness. The results of the study may be used to prepare a new section for the course on innovative economics and hold certain value for experts in the field of creative economy

The city brand allows creating a special tourist focus and facilitates effective communication with the local community. The objectives of the city brand are to increase the city’s recognisability, increase its attractiveness to tourists, attract investment and create a holistic image of the city reflecting cultural values and national identity. The article analyses the problems of formation and development of the city brand of Almaty, the key centre of Kazakhstan, known for its cultural and historical significance. Despite its rich heritage and strategic location, Almaty is facing various challenges in creating an effective brand. The article discusses the main aspects affecting the city’s image, such as infrastructural deficiencies, insufficient integration of the local population into the branding processes, as well as competition. branding processes, as well as competition with other cities in the region. On the basis of qualitative and quantitative analyses conducted through surveys and interviews with local residents and tourists, the main barriers to successful brand promotion were identified. The article offers recommendations on improving the city branding strategy, including community engagement, infrastructure development and the use of digital technologies to promote the image of the city. The results of the study may be useful for state and local authorities and all stakeholders seeking to improve the overall perception of Almaty as an attractive place to live and invest.

The article analyzes the innovative activities introduced into their production to increase the competitiveness of meat business structures in Kazakhstan. The production of new innovative products based on innovative cooperation and technological integration of entrepreneurial structures in meat production, increases the volume, quality and efficiency of their production. It has been established that Ordabasy Kus LLP, based on innovative entrepreneurship, is the first innovative enterprise in Kazakhstan applying a new approach to organization and management, focused on innovation, based on the constant search for new ideas and opportunities. In this business structure, it was possible to increase the competitiveness of products and enterprises by releasing new products, expanding the product range, trend, product and marketing innovations into their enterprises. Joint performance of the functions of entrepreneurial structures in the meat production of Kazakhstan: agricultural enterprises, production cooperatives, peasant (farmer) farms, individual entrepreneurs, personal subsidiary farms based on the creation of innovative production associations (cooperatives) based on cooperative relations is proposed by the author. Poultry farming company Ordabasy Kus LLP leads two strategic growth paths: 1) KSIP - creation of “innovative production” on the basis of “reverse strategic integration production” – the number of breeding stock focused on the production of breeding bird eggs; 2) AZIP - on the basis of “upcoming strategic vertical integration production” - intensive expanded reproduction for development purposes, it is proposed to create an “innovative production” for the cultivation of young chickens on replacement of the breeding stock.

Purpose. To consider the theoretical and practical aspects of the organization of entrepreneurial activity in the field of tourism and identify promising areas for its development. To conduct an analysis of the current state of business development in the field of tourism in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the indicators of the tourism sector for 2017–2021, i.e., to study tourist flows, determine the share of tourism sector in the gross domestic product, identify the activity of small and medium-sized businesses in the field of accommodation, entertainment and recreation. Methods. Using the bibliographic method, a review of the works of foreign and domestic researchers’ studies within the framework of the problem under topic was conducted. Using the methods of comparative analysis, economic and statistical analysis, the analysis of current indicators of the flows of domestic, inbound and outbound tourism; the share of tourism in the gross domestic product; recreation, entertainment and accommodation was carried out. The current state of development of entrepreneurial activity in the field of tourism is characterized by the method of generalization. The results of the analysis were processed using the graphical method. Conclusions. The results of the analysis of the current state of entrepreneurial activity in the sphere of tourism testify to the positive dynamic development of the industry. Among tourist flows there is noted activness of domestic tourism development. Among the subjects of entrepreneurship, organised in the tourism sector, the share of small and individual entrepreneurship has increased. This indicates the priority of organisation of small business in the sphere of services.

Currently, electronic commerce is one of the most dynamically developing segments of the world economy. In the case of Kazakhstan, which is actively conducting digital transformation, e-commerce plays a decisive role in stimulating economic growth and increasing the availability of goods and services for the population. Despite significant potential, the development of e-commerce in Kazakhstan faces a number of problems and limitations. The work presents a review of the literature of domestic and foreign authors on issues of electronic commerce and personnel management. The peculiarities and directions of the development of e-commerce are studied, the trends of the development of e-commerce in the world and in Kazakhstan are studied, the situation and problems are analyzed on the example of the domestic leader online. Kaspi.kz, the leader of online shopping, analyzed the situation and weaknesses of the store and made recommendations. An expert survey was conducted among e-commerce employees and the results were analyzed. Based on the results of the analysis, there were recommendations for solving the problems of e-commerce development in Kazakhstan and for further development.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the economic consequences of youth migration in Kazakhstan. The impact of youth migration on the economy is the economic and social changes that arise because of the departure of young and educated citizens from the country. The purpose of this study is to quantify and analyze the real economic consequences of youth migration from Kazakhstan. To conduct a comprehensive review of the long-term economic costs and benefits of migration by examining factors such as changes in the labor market, the impact on gross domestic product (GDP), and changes in demographic trends through research. In addition, to determine how migration affects the shortage of qualified personnel in the labor market, innovative activity, scientific and technological progress, the flow of foreign investment, and competition in the domestic market. To solve the tasks set, general scientific methods and approaches were used, including methods of comparative analysis, descriptive statistics, trend analysis, and econometric modeling. The object of the study: the departure of young and educated people from Kazakhstan. The subject of the study: the impact of migration flows on national security and economic development of Kazakhstan. The practical significance of the work lies in the presentation of specific measures and recommendations aimed at reducing and strengthening the level of outflow of human capital in Kazakhstan. These measures include improving working and living conditions, developing the education system, creating a favorable socio-political climate, and supporting innovative initiatives. The implementation of the proposed proposals can contribute to the sustainable development of the country and strengthen its competitiveness on the world stage.

The growing importance of Kazakhstan's transit and transport industry is a catalyst for expanding trade, strengthening economic ties, investment development, energy cooperation and interregional tourism. This study examines the objectives, main directions and main ideas of scientific research on enhancing Kazakhstan's transport and logistics potential over the last decade. The study aims at a comprehensive analysis of the economic, energy and tourism implications of transit and transport development. The scientific and practical significance is to inform policy makers, stakeholders and researchers about the critical role of an efficient transit and transport sector in shaping the economic landscape of Kazakhstan. The study makes a valuable contribution to future policy and infrastructure investments, enriching the broader field of knowledge related to transport and logistics. In terms of practical relevance, the study serves as a guide for policymakers and industry leaders, offering practical recommendations to improve the efficiency, sustainability and viability of Kazakhstan's transit and transport infrastructure. The results of the study can be used to make strategic decisions that contribute to the long-term development and competitiveness of the country's transport sector.

The article highlights the current problem of socio-economic development related to providing the population with housing. Improving the quality of life and meeting basic human needs closely depend on the availability of housing. Rapid development of urban areas, urbanization and demographic growth increase the demand and cost of housing, which poses the task of providing housing to socially vulnerable groups of the population for the state. The construction sector of Kazakhstan remains one of the most attractive areas for investment. In today's economic conditions, the relationship between financial planning and forecasting plays a decisive role in the sustainable development of various industries, including the construction industry. This article analyzes foreign experience in the field of affordable housing, considers the mechanisms for implementing state housing programs, as well as factors affecting housing affordability. Using comparative and statistical analysis, the authors identify the main approaches to solving the problem of housing affordability in different countries and assess their effectiveness. In addition, the article considers the experience of other countries in expanding the areas of state housing programs, introducing additional financing instruments and finding new sources of housing financing. The methods of comparative analysis, statistical analysis, synthesis and generalization used in the article allow us to identify the main trends and patterns in the provision of affordable housing abroad. In conclusion, the authors emphasize the importance of improving the mechanisms for providing affordable housing and adapting successful foreign experience to our own conditions to ensure sustainable socio-economic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

In today's dynamically developing world, the role of “soft skills” in the professional sphere is of particular relevance. In this study, attention was focused on the analysis of the relationship between soft skills and students' confidence in their professional prospects. The purpose of the study is to identify the most popular soft skills in the labor market, as well as to assess their impact on the level of students' confidence in the possibility of finding a job in their specialty. To achieve this goal, a survey was conducted among 538 3rd and 4th-year students of the Kostanay Regional University named after Akhmet Baitursynuly, studying in various educational programs. Data analysis was carried out using statistical methods in the R-Studio program. The originality of the study lies in the integrated approach to studying the impact of soft skills on confidence in employment, taking into account the various areas of training of future specialists. The obtained results may have practical significance for improving educational programs, focusing on the development of the most in-demand “soft skills” in the labor market, which will improve the level of students' preparation for independent employment. This study will determine which soft skills are most in-demand in the labor market, the opinion of respondents and how their development affects students' confidence in successful employment, which will expand the understanding of the influence of soft skills on students' career prospects. The obtained results can be used to improve educational programs in order to increase the competitiveness of graduates in the labor market as well as helping students develop the skills necessary for a successful job search and career building.

Human resource management practices are critical in determining the effectiveness, organizational culture and productivity of organizations and universities in particular. Because of the need to improve the competitiveness of higher education organizations, to meet the rapid growth of technology and the new emerging needs of faculty and staff, it is important to focus on effective human resource management practices. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyse the processes by which which human resource management practices are implemented at a regional university. In this way, the study is able to determine the current state of the human resource management practices, problems and conditions that can improve or limit the process of human resource management strategies in the university context. A qualitative research method was used to conduct an in-depth analysis of HR management practices at the university. A total of 11 interviews were conducted with participants selected for their roles and procedures for implementing human resource management practices. The collected qualitative data were analyzed using NVivo software with the help of the thematic analysis, whereby the data were coded to identify themes and patterns. The results confirm the importance of effective HR management practices at the university, especially their impact on increasing job satisfaction, reducing employee turnover and improving the organization image. The qualitative results indicate the positive results of implementing HR management practices to improve positive organizational performance. This study is important because it fills a research gap that has not been effectively explored in the literature on human resource management at the universities.