The sanitary crisis that began in 2020 in China, causing unprecedented quarantine measures, led to the shutdown of enterprises, a temporary decline in the national economy, the most severe one in the past 28 years. The world economy in the conditions of globalization, tight binding to production chains, exoeriences the strongest fluctuations of the Domino effect. The virus suspended the Chinese economy in the first quarter of 2020, which caused, in turn, a reduction in demand for oil, a decrease, or even a complete halt in the supply of components along many production chains to other countries. In many countries, output has also decreased, and a number of industries have stopped working. It should be noted that the pandemic prompted the economic crisis that was brewing for 2020-2021, which included the situational crisis from the pandemic, the associated tactical oil and cyclical economic crisis, as they say, “three in one”. According to experts, two years before that, there were all the signs of an economic crisis that the world will face. The health crisis has practically exposed the hidden symptoms of the economic crisis. Kazakhstan has developed a number of anti-crisis measures. The pandemic revealed the strengths and weaknesses of the national economy. In general, we have created an economy that is resistant to stress and shock, the agro-industrial complex, the food industry, the construction sector, and communications have shown particular sustainability. The crisis has shown that one of the main requirements for the national economy is its stability and safe self-sufficiency.

The given article is devoted to urgent trade and economic issues between the United States of America and China. In particular, the urgent problems of the trade war between the United States of America and China, as two of the most powerful economies, were studied in the research. In this sense, this trade war has the real significant impact on international trade process and international markets functioning. Primarily, the ‘trade war’ concept is understood as a situation when the participating countries, involved in international trade, try to reduce the import of competitive goods by tariffs, quotas and other import restrictions while expanding their exports. This is also a result of protectionism, creating serious problems for imported goods and an imports and exports imbalance. This study identifies advantages and disadvantages for both countries based on economic methodologies and analytical tools. The main research approach to this article is based on a comparative analysis of recent trends in macroeconomic growth, political inequality and social problems between the United States of America and China. The simulation of cause and effect, the systematic research and the expert assessment was applied. In addition, the possible solutions and recommendations regarding how to strengthen the current economic ties between the countries concerned were considered.

Given the key location of Kazakhstan along the historical route of the silk road, there is a practical need to study the Kazakh-Chinese cooperation in the framework of integration of the “Belt and Road Initiative’’ and the “Nurly Zhol” new economic policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the framework of the indicated agreement between China and the Republic of Kazakhstan, four priority areas for the strategic docking of the Silk Way and Nurly Zhol were identified: the development of bilateral trade; accelerated expansion and modernization of infrastructure; development of cooperation in the field of production activities; deepening interaction in the financial sector. In the article, the authors analyze and assess the opportunities and risks of integration of country initiatives with the “Belt and Road Initiative”, give a detailed overview of the state program “Nurly Zhol” in order to determine the main directions of integration with the "Belt and Road Initiative”. Current and future joint projects between Kazakhstan and China are considered within the framework of integration of the national program of Kazakhstan with the Chinese initiative. The results of this study show that the “Nurly Zhol” program, coordinating in many of its directions with the “Belt and Road Initiative”, promotes the development of mutually beneficial multilateral cooperation between China and Kazakhstan. In the article, the authors analyze and assess the opportunities and risks of integrating country initiatives with the opop, give a detailed overview of the state program “Nurly Zhol” in order to determine the main directions of integration with the “Belt and Road” program.

The purpose of this research is to develop the main proposals for the development of the EAEU member states joint integration policy in the agro-industrial complex. The analysis of the agricultural production state for goods with a high level of competition as well as recommendations are made and the mechanism for coordinated export policy for agricultural goods with a high level of competition in the goods market is developed. In the article the authors made their own assessment of the EAEU member countries export potential in accordance with the main commodity items classifier to optimize export flows. Despite the fact that the EAEU has existed for 5 years, there are a number of problems between the integration participants, the solution of which requires a fairly long time. The main contradictions between the union member countries are due to economic feasibility, which has become part of the political component. According to the authors, the scientific justification of the integration processes will stimulate the removal of barriers in mutual trade and other economic cooperation areas, lead to technological modernization of agriculture in the EAEU countries, increase the profitability of agricultural producers, give a powerful impetus to the development of the social services in rural areas and ensure food security for all members of the Union.

The article discusses modern conceptual directions for the development of strategic management in modern conditions, which are characterized by organizational strategic vision, improvement of methodological tools for strategic planning of organizations. The purpose of the development of strategic management is to solve problems and find ways to ensure the economic sustainability of the organization through internal reserves. The existence of tools for strategic enterprise management should ensure the organization's profit and effective functioning, in this regard, it is necessary understanding the essence of such enterprise management and knowledge of the developed tools that will help to diagnose emerging problems in a timely manner and develop ways to solve them. Strategic management is management that relies on human potential as the foundation of the organization, focuses production activities on customer needs, responds flexibly and makes timely changes in the organization that meet the challenge from the environment and allow you to achieve competitive advantages, which together makes it possible for the organization to survive in the long term, while achieving its goals. The article discusses the theoretical aspects of strategic management in the modern situation. It reveals the goals, objectives, stages of strategic management, the principles of strategic management in a unity of direction of scientific validity, development priorities, profitability and effectiveness, centralization and decentralization of personal interests, staff motivation, division of labor, subordination to the general, optimal proportions of the corporate spirit.

The need to address the economic potential of companies is dictated by such an unusual type of crisis, combining the structural, cyclical and eventual nature observed in 2020. The features of the structural crisis appeared in the necessity to update all aspects of living conditions - social, economic, political, intellectual, etc. The issues of state economic regulation will also have to be reviewed. The cyclical nature of the crisis manifests itself in lower oil prices, which negatively affects the non-real sector of the economy of Kazakhstan as a commodity state. The eventfulness of the crisis associated with the coronavirus pandemic brings casualties and a decline in production. In these conditions, the government of the Republic of Kazakhstan has taken measures to support business entities and the public - this includes tax breaks, and soft loans, and simplification of public procurement procedures and others. It goes without saying that measures taken by the state will smooth out and slow down the crisis caused by the pandemic, but at the same time, negative macroeconomic factors can lead to a slowdown in economic development and a long recovery of many enterprises. This article provides a brief overview of the measures that companies can take. These measures are aimed at overcoming the negative factors associated with COVID-19. The current crisis situation requires companies to take certain actions in order to maintain economic potential: revising relations with suppliers due to disruption of the supply chain, taking a different view on inventory creation, taking into account their criticality, reducing costs with shifting priorities towards advertising, and, most importantly, respect to human resources.

The article discusses issues of state support for small and medium-sized businesses in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the purpose of which is to bring the share of this sector in GDP to 50% by 2050. The analysis of the dynamics of indicators of small business development is carried out, its structure is analyzed. The largest share in the number of small businesses is individual entrepreneurs. Small enterprises account for the largest share in total output and in GDP. The volume of gross value added of small businesses and the number of employees in them vary significantly across the regions of Kazakhstan. The strengths of entrepreneurship are revealed, the main barriers in the development of small business, such as high tax rates, the shadow economy and corruption, unskilled personnel, are analyzed. It is concluded that the system of financial support by the state for small business is not effective, there is no correlation between the volume of budget financing of small business and its share in the republic's GDP; an increase in budget financing does not lead to an increase in the total financial result of small enterprises. The article describes the main directions in which state support for small business is provided. In recent years, Kazakhstan has seen an increase in the number of small and medium-sized businesses, and the article presents the structure of SMEs, the number of employees and the volume of products manufactured at small and medium-sized businesses.

Globalization requires new approaches and rules for enterprise growth. We usually associate international trade with large and well-known multinational corporations, but this hypothesis only partially corresponds to reality. If we delve into the study of this issue, we will find other, no less significant world market leaders - “hidden champions”. Studying the work of these firms allows less successful companies to learn very important lessons, which is very valuable for Kazakhstani researchers of success strategies. This article reveals the fact of the existence of “hidden champions”, and not just existence, but successful work, many years of stay in certain market positions. These companies are non-public, they do not need advertising, neglect modern management concepts, but occupy huge global market shares, up to 70-80%. “Hidden champions” prove that good governance is the ability to do things better than competitors - calmly, purposefully and remaining committed to their work. In a crisis economy, the “hidden champions” approach is an antidote to short-sighted corporate giants. The authors, using Herman Simon's term “hidden champions”, summarized the basic principles of their work, drawing the reader’s attention to the fact that such companies are embarrassed by public displays, some of them include a ban on contact of employees with the press, but this is precisely what causes interest in them activities.

The article deals with the human capital formed under the influence of the health system (health potential), education (qualification potential), environmental safety. The unfavorable ecological state of the Republic poses a real threat to the health of the population, including children, and therefore environmental safety is one of the main components of national security. Adverse environmental conditions significantly affect the physical development of the population and leads to the development of adverse factors in health, which is expressed in the formation of human capital. The article also presents the methodological basis for assessing the impact of anthropogenic and environmental factors on the quality of human capital. In addition, the article describes the methodological basis for assessing the impact of anthropogenic and environmental factors on the quality of human capital. The problem of environmental safety requires research and disclosure of the essence and content of the concept of “environmental safety”. Currently, neither in the economic nor in other scientific literature there is no clear definition of this concept. Without specifying the concept of “environmental safety”, it is difficult to talk about the mechanism for solving the problem. Ecological safety, as a branch of interdisciplinary knowledge, occupies a certain level in the systemic organization of modern science. In the Law “On Environmental Protection” the concept of “environmental safety” is considered as a state of protection of the natural environment and vital human interests from the possible negative impact of economic and other activities, natural and man-made emergencies, and their consequences.

In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in the number of programs and the amount of funding allocated by companies to implement corporate social responsibility programs. The publication of social reports and the implementation of codes of ethics has become common practice. The formation of a socially-oriented economy involves the formation of effective mechanisms for the interaction of society, business and government, one of which is corporate social responsibility. Based on the analysis of various methodological approaches to its research, this article reveals the essence of the concept of social responsibility of business. The article shows that the positioning of social responsibility of an enterprise is a set of measures to form the position of a company declaring social responsibility as a key principle of its activities. In the process of researching corporate social responsibility, the main forms of the company’s interaction with the external environment were identified as well as a positive impact of corporate social responsibility on the results of the company. A positive impact is based on motivation to produce a quality product that meets all the requirements of modern realities. In developing the methodological foundations of the study, the author relied on publications by famous scientists.The article presents the results of an analysis of the conceptual approaches of various scientists to the study of enterprise social responsibility.

Each country, taking into account its national characteristics, applies its own methods of planning economic and social processes, adapting them to environmental conditions. The well-being of the people is one of the key objects of strategic planning. The content of this category is revealed through such concepts as: “living conditions”, “standard of living”, “quality of life”. The aim of social policy, which is formed in the course of strategic planning, is to improve the standard of living of the population. The main aim of strategic planning of living standards is to prevent the deterioration of the living standards of the population, and in the future - to increase it. To form a strategic planning of the standard of living in the Republic of Kazakhstan, forecasts and comprehensive programs for the development of the economy and improving the level and quality of life of the population are being developed. To improve the welfare of the people and develop the economy, such programs as “DKB”, “Nurly Zhol”, “Nurly Zher” are being implemented. To implement these programs, funds from the national budget are allocated, taking into account the needs of each region. Recently, big funds have been allocated to mothers with many children. They are provided with targeted social assistance. Much attention is paid to the development of entrepreneurship. World experience shows that there is no perfect model of social policy. But it is necessary to establish minimum social standards and guarantees that will change with the growth of the national economy. It is necessary to review the employment and remuneration policy and develop approaches to ensuring social security and well-being of the population.

Labor migration is formed from external and internal flows. For the Republic of Kazakhstan, external migration is migration from the CIS and non-CIS countries. Internal migration is characterized by the movement of labor between the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. These two types of labour migration are closely interrelated. However, the nature and extent of external and internal migration differ. Currently, the migration activity of the population of Kazakhstan is mainly implemented in internal migration. Migration leads to changes in the demographic structure of the population both in the areas of eviction and in the areas of settlement of migrants. Migration of the population, accompanied by a change of residence, is called the migration process. Currently, the theory of the migration process is in demand. According to it, migration of the population includes several stages. The initial stage is the formation of regional mobility of people. The intermediate stage is mobility. The final stage is survival, i.e. adaptation of migrants. Socio-economic factors determine the dynamics of modern migration processes in the country. The socio-economic transformation of Kazakhstan society has led to a significant change in migration processes. Migration processes and their consequences are extremely important factors for assessing the development prospects of a country. The article analyzes migration processes in the Republic of Kazakhstan on the basis of migration coefficients, and suggests that the facilitation of information, infrastructure, organizational, legal and other conditions of internal migration creates a labor and demographic base through the redistribution of their own labor resources.

The article considers foreign experience of government regulation of agro-industrial sector of the economy and possible ways to apply measures of state support to producers. Government regulation measures should meet the interests of domestic producers, processors and consumers of food products. The task of public administration is to ensure optimal proportionality of organizational and economic mechanisms for functioning and development of the food market. To solve the identified problems, there is a fairly wide arsenal of regulatory methods, which can be divided into organizational and economic methods of regulation. Government regulation of the agro-industrial sector of the economy through comprehensive support for producers is a priority of agricultural policy not only in industrial countries, but also in developing countries. Unlike foreign countries, in Kazakhstan, the government does not actively participate in regulating the price disparity and the price situation in the market. Despite the fact that Kazakhstan is in somewhat different conditions, the experience of industrial countries is very useful for further use, especially for supporting producers in order to strengthen and further sustainable development of the Kazakh agro-industrial complex, as well as government intervention in the pricing processes in the food market. The development of an effective agricultural policy based on foreign experience and the full-scale implementation of all developed measures to support agriculture with sufficient funding should be a good incentive for the accelerated development of the agro-industrial complex and increase the competitiveness of food products.

In this article, the formulated reference names of alternative variants of farms of the population abroad, which are small objects of management in the agricultural sector, are widely studied. Alternative versions are used to define and describe the features and similarities of the population with the economic concept. It is explained that the variety of definitions of names is related to local national characteristics. In addition, important information from a number of foreign scientists is presented, describing small forms of economic management of the population, various reflections, explaining reference names. A number of reference names are associated with local national characteristics. It is noted that in the Western literature, the concept of personal subsidiary farming coincides with the concepts of family farming or semi-farm farming, while the term does not coincide with one form of farming in Kazakhstan, but corresponds to two types, i.e., the objects of farming and the economy of the public, as well as their various infrastructure and statistics. As an example, the equivalents of farms in the United States and Canada were studied, the state of their development, the existing support measures in these countries were considered, and generalizing features were found on the basis of which the scheme of support measures was developed.

Oil prices are one of the important factors affecting inflation and real currency exchange rates in all countries. Fluctuations in oil prices affect inflation and real currency exchange rates through factors such as supply and demand for oil. Lower oil prices have a direct effect on inflation, which causes the depreciation of the real exchange rate. With higher oil prices, the real exchange rate will rise and the import markets at cheaper prices will be opened for the country. The main reason for this is the increase in the world oil market by 1.6 million tons per day due to the expansion of the use of alternative energy sources and the new oil production method or the development of shale oil reserves. In 2017, oil prices rose again to $54, the main reason being the agreements reached between OPEC member countries and non-member oil producing countries. The deal had a positive effect on oil prices and stimulated investors' confidence in investing in this industry. In this paper, the effects of oil prices on inflation and the real exchange rate are analyzed using the Granger Cause Test and the Vector Auto Regression (VAR) methods. The Greater Reason-Tests test revealed that inflation is the cause of changes in the real exchange rate. The CAR analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between inflation and the real exchange rate, and that the effect had a duration of 4 periods.

The article discusses the system of training and development of personnel of the largest oil and gas company - “Karachaganak Petroleum Operating B.V.” (KPO B.V.), which ensures that the qualifications of employees meet production requirements. The approaches used for training and retraining personnel in terms of mastering new equipment and technologies, targeted training of the national personnel reserve and young specialists allow us to form a modern personnel potential. The training of their own employees, the attraction and retention of qualified and competent personnel, and the improvement of the professional level of employees are carried out on the basis of long-term programs by the specialized personnel training and development sector “Karachaganak Petroleum Operating B.V.”. The modern methods of training and development of company personnel, their professional training in the field of industrial and technical competence, participation in international certified programs, as well as in internship programs are considered. The system of dual education on the basis of the KPO B.V. training center, the student and youth internship program is considered. Statistical data are presented that characterize the dynamics of the number of trained employees in certain categories, the expenditure of training time per employee. The experience of KPO B.V. in the field of training and development, and personnel can serve as an example to other enterprises of the oil and gas industry of Kazakhstan.

The mineral resource complex currently remains in the long term the dominant real sector of the Kazakhstan economy. Practice shows that the mining and metallurgical complex (MMC) has large unused reserves of economic growth, in particular due to: increasing the completeness and complexity of the use of extracted mineral raw materials; introduction of innovative resource-saving and environmentally balanced technologies at all stages of industrial production with a stable and even with some reduction in the volume of extraction of mineral raw materials. The article pays special attention to assessing the state and development of the lead-zinc and copper industries, as the main leaders of the MMC in Kazakhstan. The characteristic and development tasks of the main economic entities of the MMC: mining enterprises, concentration plants, metallurgical plants are presented. The role and results of state support for innovative development of these enterprises are reflected. The development of MMC is significantly influenced by competition in the global market of mining and metallurgical products. However, mining and metallurgical enterprises in Kazakhstan manage to maintain positive dynamics of industrial production. The widespread use of digital technology will significantly increase the efficiency of production processes. It is proposed to develop state support measures at the MMC. The solution of such issues as the formation of demand for advanced technical and technological solutions, the development of our own R&D, the transfer of international best practices, the growth of energy efficiency and environmental friendliness can significantly increase the efficiency of developing the resource base and unleash the country's innovative potential. Moreover, resource sectors themselves can become suppliers of high technology for other economic sectors.

This article considers the condition of the labour market in the sector of renewable energy, the employment and prospects of its development in each RES sector over the countries, the dynamics of employment growth in the RES, including large hydropower are presented. The energy sector affects the dynamics and sustainability of the economy as a whole, affecting all its areas from job creation to resource efficiency and the environment. Accelerating the implementation of RES will give an impetus for economic growth, will create new workplaces, improve people's welfare and contribute to the making climate protection in the long term. Doubling the share of RES will increase direct and indirect employment in the sector by 2030. The number of workplaces in the sphere of RES will grow in all technological areas, however, to persist a high concentration of workplaces in those areas where today the highest labour employment is observed, namely, bioengineering, hydropower, and solar energy. Throughout all production and marketing chain of RES, the majority of workplaces will be provided due to supply of fuel, production of installations and the equipment. The new workplaces appearing in the process of further development of RES offset and will block losses of workplaces in the field of fossil power.

The textile industry is a priority sector of the economy in the Republic of Kazakhstan due to its socio-economic importance. Cluster is recognized as an optimal model and prerequisite for the successful development of this industry all over the world. In 2005, in order to increase a competitiveness and economic importance of the textile and light industries in Kazakhstan there was formed a cotton-textile cluster. The article is devoted to the study of the development of the textile cluster in Kazakhstan. The author analyzes the functioning of this cluster according to four criteria: “cluster width”, “cluster depth”, “context of cluster creation” and “cluster maturity”. The insufficient effectiveness of the cluster functioning that is primarily associated with a limited vertical and horizontal range of industries and enterprises involved in its activity is substantiated. There are identified and analyzed the main problems that impede its development: general economic, organizational, personnel and market ones. The main issues hindering the effective development of the cluster are the problems of inter- and intrasectoral interaction of its elements, poor integration of the cluster enterprises, and the lack of a single technological chain within the cluster. These problems do not allow to take an advantage of the cluster approach. The author substantiated a necessity of a new organizational and economic approach to managing this cluster in order to activate it on the basis of increasing an interest of its participants and creating a single technological chain within the textile cluster.

Domestic packaging industry is not going through an easy time. The volume of production of polymers, corrugated cardboard, glass containers and other packaging products is falling in Kazakhstan. Today, the domestic packaging market needs to expand production that can bring the packaging platform to the level of the world's leading industries. Packaging allows to reduce the losses of products, guarantee their quality, increase their shelf life, and ensure delivery to the consumer. Product packaging plays an important role in the chain of production-storage-transportation-sales practical for all industries. Market conditions dictate the need to radically improve the competitiveness of packaging and packaging materials. When talking about the problems of creating a system of logistical activities for the production of packaging products it is important to set the basic principles, approaches, methods and indicators, according to which the system of logistics activities is formed and its performance is evaluated. The main principle of forming a system of logistics activities is that at the present stage of development of the considered enterprises, in particular, enterprises for the production of corrugated cardboard, the system is one of the main opportunities to increase competitiveness by increasing the volume of products produced. At each stage of the product lifecycle (in accordance with the marketing concept), logistics activities play a role. The terms of supply of inventory (their availability) and terms of execution of orders accepted by the company may change depending on the current market opportunities and competitive situation.

The article discusses the issues of efficiency of production of fish farming industries, the challenges facing the fishing industry, shows the country's fish resources. The authors consider the issues of regulating the development of fish farming and fishing. In пeneral, Kazakhstan has certain conditions for their intensive development. The article describes the characteristics and features of these two industries. The consumption of fish products in Kazakhstan is at a very low level. The increase in the share of imported products in the country's domestic market has a negative impact on local fish production. As part of the provision of state support measures for the development of commercial fish farming, subsidies are provided for expenditures on investment in the purchase of machinery and equipment for fish farms. As part of the adjustment of the state program of the agro-industrial complex, proposals have been prepared to expand state support measures by subsidizing the costs of fish planting material. The article considers the volume of production and their implementation in the context of specific farms, estimates subsidies and shows the profitability of production, taking into account state support. The directions of commercial fisheries and their characteristics: lake-commercial - the most promising, allowing in a short time and at low cost to dramatically increase production of marketable fish; pond and industrial that need to be developed through the implementation of effective and scientifically based technologies; industrial fisheries; river basin technology. Proposals for the development of fish farming have been developed.

Crowdfunding is a method of financing a business in which it is possible to use small funds belonging to a large number of people. The capitalization of the crowdfunding market is constantly growing. An important advantage of crowdfunding is the ability of each participant to achieve his goals in accordance with his own preferences. The principle of cryptocurrency is taking a significant place in the modern financial market. The use of cryptocurrencies has a great impact on banking and investment activities, including project financing. The basis of this mechanism is the issue of cryptocurrency, which replaces traditional monetary investments. Buying cryptocurrency provides sponsors with co-ownership of the company, where shares are replaced with tokens. This method combines reward-based crowdfunding and equity-based crowdfunding. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, objective prerequisites for the development of crowdfunding exist and are caused, on the one hand, by the almost complete lack of opportunities to finance startups through market mechanisms, on the other hand, by the limited investment objects for donors who want to participate in the financing of innovative projects with potentially high returns. The activities of such platforms as “Start-time” and “Bari birge” demonstrate a growing interest in crowdfunding on the part of both funders and project sponsors.

According to the classification of international rating agencies, the country rating (and stock market rating) of Kazakhstan is included in the group of frontier markets. The article monitors world analytical companies and country risk research methods. In order to obtain the Emerging Market status, the Kazakhstan stock market needs to look for the alternatives of the further development. Among these, the merger with the Moscow Stock Exchange, which is classified as an emerging market, is highlighted. In October 2019, the EAEU member states approved the Concept for the formation of a common exchange space. It is revealed that the primary urgent task for Kazakhstan is the analysis and forecast of macroeconomic risks. The article analyzes and forecasts the macroeconomic risks of Kazakhstan, presents the results of the merger with the Moscow Exchange, and also analyzes the dynamics and structure of the volume of exchange trading. The work revealed that in the conditions of a common exchange space in order to revitalize the capital market in the Republic of Kazakhstan, it is necessary to attract financing from private and other investors by providing favorable and understandable conditions, continuing the course of modernization of stabilization of macroeconomic indicators. Further consistent solution of these tasks will allow Kazakhstan to obtain the status of Emerging Market. This will give Kazakhstan the opportunity to attract a wider class of investors, which, accordingly, will increase the flow of capital into the country.

In Kazakhstan, food prices increase every year, and the problem of pricing varies greatly in different regions of the country. This naturally affects the social environment of the population. The goals and main directions of implementation of the development Strategy of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2020, compared with the goals and objectives of the program “Reducing differences in the socio - economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation until 2020” are analyzed. Measures and ways of stable pricing in the consumer markets of Kazakhstan are stated. The influence of the competitive environment and methods of influence on prices in the consumer markets of the country are revealed. We must pay attention to stability of prices by the increase of competition in the market. The article offers suggestions on ways to solve the instability of prices for consumer goods. The authors recommend creating a center for a general monitoring system and appointing inspectors-economists to collect materials on the prices of goods in consumer markets. With their help, price fluctuations are studied, as a result, the reasons for unjustified price increases will be identified, and work will also be carried out to activate the supply and demand mechanism in the market, and conditions will be created for perfect competition. In regional monitoring centers, information is collected on price increases, and levers are being developed to stabilize them and prevent their further growth. In this case, there is no need to use administrative methods in the markets, it is recommended to use indirect methods to activate market mechanisms.

Currently, one of the main goals of the economy is determination the level of taxes received from enterprises, identification the impact of corporate income tax on the state of the enterprise and taking the necessary measures for its in-depth analysis. The article analyzes ways of improving methods of stimulating effective regulation of corporate income taxation. The main goal of the corporate income tax reforming in the field of improving the methods of tax regulation is to simplify the procedure for calculating and optimizing tax benefits with lowering tax rates. The requirement to pay advance corporate income tax payments for small and medium-sized businesses is excluded. Effective reduction of the tax burden on enterprises, business entities, small and medium-sized businesses that can improve the implementation of tax incentives in Kazakhstan - reduce the need for enterprises and entrepreneurs to hide their income, eliminate tax evasion, and release a large number of business tools for increase business activity, additionally invest in domestic production. The tax incentive mechanism will not only stimulate the business to operate profitably, but also ensure the full and timely development of production and the full receipt of taxes to the budget, as well as eliminate the shadow business and have a positive impact on overall economic development.

The audit is regulated by regulatory acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan, is an entrepreneurial activity to verify the financial statements of organizations. Conducting an audit in a small business allows you to establish the authenticity of the information presented in the financial statements of the audit of companies in this market. The article is devoted to the study of the methodology for auditing small businesses. In this scientific work, in accordance with international standards, the main provisions, characteristics of the audit and recommendations for conducting audits in small enterprises are presented. The measures of the information collection process highlighted in the article made it possible to determine the importance levels of the information needs of auditors. Based on the definition of the purpose of the audit, the systematization of information on the regulatory framework of accounting and the client, the authors recommended a plan of audit work. The paper reveals in detail the elements of a structured methodology for conducting audits in small businesses and their interpretation. The article also identifies factors of high growth of audit risk, which auditors are advised to pay attention to. In conclusion, recommendations are given for conducting audits in small businesses. The measures that are acceptable for the implementation of Kazakhstani audit practice and contribute to the development of audit in small businesses are identified.

Impact of the relation between monetary and fiscal instruments on the formation and use of public financial resources in the Republic of Kazakhstan. In modern conditions for the regulation of the economy, the use of monetary and fiscal instruments is important. The article discusses their complex impact on the economy in the republic. Based on the analysis of statistical materials, certain shortcomings were identified in the mechanism of using fiscal tools to solve socio-economic problems. The paper substantiates the proposals to improve the efficiency of the use of budget funds, to form and manage the financial resources of the republic based on the balance of financial resources. This will provide a link between fiscal policy and monetary policy and, based on this, will allow us to analyze the patterns and trends of natural-value proportions. This is the development of the medium-term fiscal policy of the government of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2020-2022, restrictions for second-tier banks on the purchase of government securities on the stock market and their participation in the foreign exchange market. At the same time, it is advisable to review the reduction of the basic lending rate in the republic. The current structure of expenditures is not aimed at developing the economy, as well as expanding the volume of demand. In this regard, it is necessary to review spending priorities with a further reduction in the budget deficit and a reduction in the cost of servicing and repaying loans. All these proposals contribute to increasing the tax base of local Executive bodies, as well as improving the effectiveness of the impact of fiscal and credit resources on the economy of the republic.

The article discusses the current investment trends of the UAPF of Kazakhstan. The results of the study confirm the particular importance of the investment resources of the pension sector, which are of a long-term nature and the ever-growing volume of pension savings. With rational and science-based regulation, the investment mechanism of the pension fund can act as a driver of growth and development of the national economy. The direct dependence of the funded pension system should be noted on many macroeconomic parameters of the development of Kazakhstan and the state regulatory system. The tightening of investment limits for UAPF pension assets, on the one hand, has contributed to the reduction of risky financial instruments in its investment portfolio, but on the other hand, has led to a restriction of access to its long-term resources of entities in the real sector of the economy. Such an investment of pension assets does not bring benefits to the domestic economy, especially in the absence of long-term investment resources. Based on the analysis and modelling, the authors identified the main trends in the participation of the pension sector in the financing of economic entities, as well as the impact of pension assets investment instruments on the amount of UAPF investment income.

The article suggests a review of modern trends and features of project management on digital transformation of industrial enterprises, based on World Economic Forum and McKinsey Global Institute researches, the importance of mixture of “waterfall” and “agile” project management methods in usage of artificial intelligence technology is underlined. Principally important issue for project implementation is the relationship of project participants on intellectual property rights protection, because software products are enhancing and increasing their values during project implementation and extension of databases. Project leaders and managers of enterprise’s digital transformation are mastering new features and specificities of project management in current conditions and adoptation methods to changing reality and new technologies. Conclusions of WEF experts are subject of interest from the point of view of comparison of international and national project management experiences on implementation of innovations of “4-th industrial revolution”. In conclusion a short description of pilot project implementation in Kazakhstan, based on artificial intelligence and stressed out main problems of technology adoption scaling is presented. The difficulty of project scaling is determined in uncertainty of profitability of investments at the initial project stage as well as difficulties in valuation of new technology adoption and extension.

The article considers the issue of investment priorities options for enterprises in conditions of digital transformation of economy. The new economic growth cycle or the “4-th Industrial revolution” requires a creation of flexible production systems, adapted to changing conditions of consumer demand or creating demand for new technology products. On the basis of research reports of World Economic Forum and McKinsey Global Institute a review of developing trends in enterprise’s digitalization and conclusions on modern investment priorities is made. One of the main factor of successful investment decisions for industrial enterprises is a speed of introduction of digital technologies, which become more efficient than investments for creation of new production capacities. Changes may be classified in accordance with quantitative and qualitative aspects. Measurable quantitative benefit includes measurable benefits from cost reduction and additional revenue. Qualitative advantages can be achieved by enhancement of production planning and controlling, more efficient and ecology friendly utilization of resources, increased flexibility of production and customer satisfaction level. The impact of cost reduction and receiving benefits from digital transformation of enterprises is directly reflecting on company’s capitalization level and its market value. In conditions of uncertainty of investment profitability, the author proposes an option for investments attraction for enterprise’s digitalization projects, based on company’s future revenues securitization and quasi-money circulation in form electronic financial instruments on digital platform. The considered structure of investments can be used for control of investment’s disbursements and future financial cash flows.

The article discusses various approaches to the definition of the term "project management", as well as the origin of a science called project management. Project management should be distinguished as a practical activity and as a scientific subect. Project management emerged as a practical activity in ancient times, when humanity faced the need to implement the first major projects. The formation of project management as a scientific and theoretical subject occurred in the middle and second half of the XX century. Professional associations of project management played an important role in creating the subject of project management. The article provides a scientific overview of this field of knowledge on a global scale, as well as the practice of neighboring countries and Kazakhstan. The analysis of the weak points of project quality management in Kazakhstan is carried out, and the reasons for the need to develop this area of scientific knowledge in the Republic are given. The paper presents statistics based on data from the Institute of project management in the United States, showing the effectiveness of project management. The analysis of the reasons for reducing the effectiveness or failure of projects, based on the results of research on the success of projects, the analysis of the structure of project quality management, approaches to the interpretation of this concept are carried out. The methods and stages of general quality management are described, their impact on the implementation of the project, and recommendations are formed within each method. The methods of measuring the performance of work and their quality with specification of their strengths and weaknesses are given. Through the prism of international requirements for quality management systems, the issues of personnel competence, their training and professional development, the universal involvement of project team members and senior management in the project quality management process are considered.

The article is devoted to the description of modern mechanisms for enhancing the competitiveness of individual regions on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan and reflects the current concept, as well as features of competitiveness at the regional level. The role of the investigated object was also described separately. As an example, the current competitive position of the city of Almaty at the republican level was analyzed, the main indicators for assessing the competitiveness of regions according to the main research criteria are given. In addition to the main strengths, the existing threats that have a negative impact on the strategic development of the city were described. Further plans to maintain the leading position of the region, improve the position of the city in the world ranking were considered by analyzing the document “Almaty Strategy-2050”. As a separate block of the study, modern mechanisms used to implement development strategies in separate areas were described. The most common of them: preferential management, public-private partnerships, specialized programs, network structures, regional development funds, forms of integration of large, medium and small businesses and other. A general algorithm for managing mechanisms to increase competitiveness at the regional level was also determined, conclusions were drawn regarding the current competitive position of the city of Almaty.

World experience shows that in countries with developed market economies, small business has a significant impact on the development of the national economy, solving social problems and increasing the number of workers. Small business creates favorable conditions for the country economic recovery: competition develops, structural transformations are carried out, the innovative sector of the economy is formed, etc. State policy in the field of private entrepreneurship in the Republic of Kazakhstan is aimed at creating high-tech industries, which will become the basis for the formation of the middle class through the development of small business. Stages of implementation Strategy of industrial and innovative development of the Republic of Kazakhstan addresses the problem of developing the infrastructure of business. The state should create a legal and economic environment that will not only support the development of small businesses. Innovations based on the introduction of new ideas, scientific knowledge, technologies and products in various areas of production and management of society are an important direction of development of the economy of Kazakhstan, and at this time Kazakhstan has achieved significant results in this regard. To support small business as a special sector of the economy at the local, regional and national levels, the government proposed a set of measures to support small businesses. The main goal of government support measures is to ensure the development of small business as one of the important elements of a market economy. As part of this strategy, government support is provided at the legislative level.

Migration issues in the context of globalization are becoming particularly relevant and the post-Soviet countries, like the whole world, are involved in the study of migration. The mechanical movement of the working population of the Commonwealth of Independent States is based on many factors, but the main ones are the economic nature and socio-economic differentiation in countries and regions, low living standards, adverse labor market conditions, etc. As it is known, the increase in the difference in wages between the country of origin and destination, the increase in regional unemployment rates increases the likelihood of emigration. The article clarifies the concept of “labour migration” and analyzes the indicators of external migration processes of the able-bodied population of the CIS countries in recent years. The issue of labour migration to the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan and a description of flows from the CIS to other countries are considered. Based on the data of the 46th report of the Center for Integration Research of the Eurasian Development Bank, the work presents the demographic and socio-economic aspects of the Commonwealth states, defines the place of migration in their socio-economic life. Migration trends from the CIS countries were analyzed, specificity and the most important patterns of formation were revealed. When studying the movement of labour migrants in the CIS countries, analysis methods, statistical and graphical methods were used.

Urban passenger transport consists of many elements that are differently interrelated. Changing one of the elements leads to several possible outcomes. Urban transport problems are among the most important in the spectrum of problems faced by municipal authorities. With the entry to the market of transport services for passengers of enterprises with different forms of ownership, the control over compliance with the standards and parameters of the technological process has deteriorated, which leads to a deterioration of the conditions of passengers’ transportation. The scattered industrial and dormitory areas of Nur-Sultan and their significant distance from each other cause a longer travel distance of one passenger than in other cities of Kazakhstan. All passenger transportation is carried out by one public fleet № 1, and 7 vehicle fleets, which are private legal entities. The article deals with the object of management of the urban passenger transport of Nur-Sultan, as well as subjects of the urban passenger transport system, their interests and goals of these subjects. The models of urban passenger transport management are considered. This article is devoted to the interrelations between the organizational structures of urban public transport and the whole systems of urban transport, to the description and typification of the organizational structure. In the end, brief discussions connected with the basic direction of research - relations between organizational structure and transport systems are given.

The article examines the problems of the agricultural sector of the country's economy, the reasons for their occurrence. After conducting a comparable analysis of indicators, ways to solve these problems are considered and highlighted. Improving the economic efficiency of production in all areas of our economy, including the efficiency of agricultural production, is of particular relevance, since the welfare of rural workers, as well as the welfare of the people of Kazakhstan, depend on this. The formation and development of clusters of agricultural production in Kazakhstan will more fully realize the competitive advantages of individual regions. Improving the economic efficiency of agricultural clusters poses new challenges for the regions, closely related to the choice of competitive agricultural products and a competitive model of the regional economy, which will maximize the use of the existing potential and capabilities of the region. The agricultural science of our republic has sufficient potential, capable of ensuring the implementation of an active innovation policy in the agricultural sector. In this regard, there is a need to adopt a state innovation program to increase the efficiency of using the scientific and technical potential of the industry. The ultimate goal of agricultural science is to increase the efficiency of agriculture. Therefore, the study of agricultural production can be considered a matter of special importance to the economic sector.

The current situation in the milk market is characterized by the continuous increasing pressure of globalization, increased competition, the introduction of a wide variety and assortment of product offers, the increasing influence of the media, the rapid development of new technologies, and support for the free exchange of information and knowledge. The consumption of milk products in Kazakhstan is very low compared to the countries of the European Union and the world, which leads to a negative impact on business in this sector. Therefore, it is important to study the factors that encourage and influence consumers to buy milk products in order to increase their consumption, as well as to study the factors that prevent consumers from buying and consuming mail products, and if possible eliminate them. The purpose of this work is to analyze the influence of individual psychological and personal factors on the consumption and purchase of milk. We check and identify relationships that can be practically used as segmentation criteria by marketing managers when developing a marketing strategy. The survey was conducted on the territory of the East Kazakhstan region using a structured questionnaire. Data collection methods included direct interview, online survey using Survio software, informal discussion, and review of saved records.

The article discusses the process of formation and development of innovative infrastructure of higher education based on a systemic approach. The author identified the main problems, principles and tasks of the formation and development of innovative infrastructure. The innovative infrastructure of higher education is the complex of all educational, methodological, scientific and research elements that form the functional subsystems. These subsystems are designed to ensure the creation of innovative products, obtaining specific results of innovative activities, as well as guarantee the conditions for sustainable development of the economy and society. The ability to create new knowledge and put it into practice is the primary condition for the effective functioning of a country in the global economy. The formation and development of the innovative infrastructure of higher education involve the inclusion in this process of industrial enterprises, research institutes and universities. The features of the integration of educational, innovative and research processes are explained by the provisions of the theory of the "triple helix", according to which the institutions responsible for the creation of new knowledge dominate in the system of innovative development. Today, innovative infrastructure is formed in almost every university. However, the effectiveness of its use is still insufficient.